The Self-description Inventory was designed to measure the traits of middle managers. 27 students who were managers completed the inventory and were evaluated by their immediate supervisors as more or less successful. Managers' scores and supervisors' rankings of their success generally did not correlate, suggesting a problem of concurrent validity. However, supervisors' rank of importance of the Self-description Inventory traits in determining more or less successful managers also did not correlate, suggesting a problem in perception.
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