Analyses of individual and aggregated data have yielded an association between suicide and unemployment, particularly for men in younger age groups. Examination of the relationship of elderly suicide rates with measures of unemployment in a cross-national study of 27 countries did not produce any statistically significant association between these two variables. Also, the magnitude of the actual correlations was small. One reason for low magnitude of correlations may be better welfare systems in the studied countries which mainly reported medium and high income.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
DalyC.KelleherM. J.CrowleyM. J.DalyM.KeohaneB.DalyF.McLeaveyB. C. (1996) Suicide levels in Cork City 1987-1991. Irish Medical Journal, 89, 99–101.
2.
HeikkinenM. E.LonnqvistJ. K. (1995) Recent life events in elderly suicide: a nationwide study in Finland. International Psychogeriatrics, 7, 287–300.
3.
HutchinsonG. A.SimeonD. T. (1997) Suicide in Trinidad and Tobago: associations and measures of social distress. International Journal of Social Psychiatary, 43, 269–275.
4.
KposowaA. J. (2001) Unemployment and suicide: a cohort analysis of social factors predicting suicide in the U.S. National Longitudinal Mortality Study. Psychological Medicine, 31, 127–138.
5.
LeenaarsA. A.YangB.LesterD. (1993) The effect of domestic and economic stress on suicide rates in Canada and the United States. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49, 918–921.
6.
LesterD. (1994) Suicide and unemployment: a monthly analysis. Psychological Reports, 75, 602.
7.
LesterD. (2000) Why people kill themselves: a 2000 summary of research on suicide. (4th ed.) Springfield, IL: Thomas.
8.
LesterD.YangB. (1992) Fertility and suicide rates: a time series analysis in the United States. Journal of Biosocial Science, 24, 97–101.
9.
MarisR. W.BermanA. L.SilvermanM. M. (2000) Comprehensive textbook of suicidology.Chicago, IL: Guilford.
10.
PritchardC. (1992) Is there a link between suicide in young men and unemployment? A comparison of the UK with other European Community countries. British Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 750–756.
11.
ShahA. K.BhatR.MacKenzieS.KoenC. (2007) Elderly suicide rates: cross-national comparisons and association with sex and elderly age-bands. Medicine, Science and the Law, 47, 244–252.
12.
ShahA. K.BhatR.MacKenzieS.KoenC. (in press) A cross-national study of the relationship between elderly suicide rates and life expectancy and markers of socioeconomic status and healthcare. International Psychogeriatrics.
13.
SnyderM. L. (1992) Unemployment and suicide in Northern Ireland. Psychological Reports, 70, 1116–1118.
14.
YamasakiA.SakaiR.ShirakawaT. (2005) Low income, unemployment, and suicide mortality rates for middle-age persons in Japan. Psychological Reports, 96, 337–348.