Contributions to Psychohistory: VIII. Perspectives on Bilingual Education in the Austrian Empire and the United States of America: Is the Assumption of Temporal Catenation of Linguistic and Territorial Separatism Valid?

Churchill W. The gathering storm. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1948.

Hegert T. Die Deutschen in der Tschechoslovakei seit 1945. Wien: Hampel, 1979.

Krus D. Blackman H. East-West dimensions of ideology measured by transtemporal cognitive matching. Psychological Reports, 1980, 47, 947–955.

3Perhaps the reader is interested whether Professor Masaryk fulfilled his promise to President Wilson that the new state, created from a large part of Austrian empire territory, would be a democratic republic. Unfortunately, the largesse of President Wilson resulted in the creation of a state with new minorities, this time German, Slovak, Hungarian, and Polish. Over the years, the ethnic frictions increased. Eventually, Slovaks created a separate state, and Germans, Poles, and Hungarians annexed parts of Czechoslovakia to their respective, linguistically defined countries. These events contributed to the outbreak of World War II in Europe. During the war, Masaryk's successor, Dr. Benes, also organized foreign legions and gathered political support in England, Russia, and the United States. After the war, to achieve linguistic purity, the Benes government expelled the non-Slavic (German and Hungarian) citizens of Czechoslovakia, killing about 200,000 in the process (Hegert, 1979, p. 12). In planning and prepartion of this mass expulsion Dr. Benes was fully supported by President F. D. Roosevelt (Taborsky, 1981, pp. 125–126). Translated proportionately to the conditions of our society, this was the equivalent of solving a problem of friction among ethnic groups by, e.g., forcibly moving all blacks to Africa. That our government could acquiesce to such an action is sad to contemplate. On the personal level, President Masaryk died not knowing, but perhaps guessing the possible consequences of his activities. However, his son was later murdered at Prague castle and his daughter recently died in a Chicago nursing home. Dr. Benes' niece married Professor Brzezinsky, a national security advisor in the Carter government. Czechoslovakia became a part of the Soviet bloc of nations. Several students doused themselves in gasoline and immolated themselves in protest. Among the young generation, the memory of President Masaryk recedes into oblivion. Some blame him for their plight, talking during clandestine meetings about the wonders of the Austrian empire.

Rychnovsky E. (Ed.) Masaryk: Verzeichnis der in deutschen Sprache erschienenen Werke. Prag: Staatliche Verlagsanstalt, 1930.

Selver P. Masaryk: A biography. London: Joseph, 1940.

Shillinglaw D. The lectures of Professor T. Masaryk at the University of Chicago. Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell Univer. Press, 1978.

Srb A. Politicke dejiny naroda Ceskeho od pocatku doby konstitucni. Praha: Otto, 1926.

Taborsky E. President Edward Benes: Between east and west. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1981.