Differences in Immediacy between Traditional and Nontraditional Students

Abstract

Reported differences between 83 traditional and 44 nontraditional college students on immediacy were nonsignificant.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Chartrand

J. M.

(1992) An empirical test of a model of nontraditional student adjustment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 39, 193–202.

Gorham

J. S.

(1988) The relationship between verbal teacher immediacy behaviors and student learning. Communication Education, 37, 40–53.

Mehrabian

(1971) Silent messages. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Mottet

T. P.

Richmond

V. P.

(1998) An inductive analysis of verbal immediacy: Alternative conceptualization of relational verbal approach/avoidance strategies. Communication Quarterly, 46(1), 25–40.

Richmond

V. P.

Gorham

J. S.

McCroskey

J. C.

(1987) The relationship between selected immediacy behaviors and cognitive learning. In McLaughlin

M. L.

(Ed.), Communication yearbook 10. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Pp. 574–590.

Rocca

K. A.

McCroskey

J. C.

(1999) The interrelationship of student ratings of instructors' immediacy, verbal aggressiveness, homophily, and interpersonal attraction. Communication Education, 48, 308–316.