We investigated the possible relations of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, a parameter of blood glucose control with scores on anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy for 113 outpatients (55 men and 58 women) with type II diabetes mellitus. The relation between the HbA1c level and the self-efficacy scores as well as with the ratings of anxiety and depression was evaluated. A significant relation was found for the HbA1c level with the scores; however, self-efficacy and anxiety and depression showed no association. These results suggest that HbA1c can be maintained at better levels by increasing self-efficacy of diabetic patients.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BanduraA.Exercise of personal and collective efficacy in changing societies. In BanduraA. (Ed.), Self-efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univer. Press, 1995. Pp. 1–45
2.
Health and Welfare Statistics Association. The improvement of life-style condition. Journal of Health and Welfare Statistics, 2000, 47, 95–104.
3.
HongoM.UtsumiA.Depression and insulin-resistance. Journal of the Japan Diabetes Society, 2000, 43, 17–19.
4.
IkedaK.[Association between blood glucose control and self-efficacy as well as anxiety/depression in patients with type II diabetes mellitus]. Niigata Medical Journal, 2002, 116, 41–47. [in Japanese with English abstract]
5.
IkedaK.SakuraiK.MuramatsuY.Psychological elements that affect blood glucose control—disease recognition and self-efficacy. Japan Academy of Diabetes Education and Nursing, 1999, 3, 104.
6.
IkedaK.SakuraiK.MuramatsuY.MajimaI.GejoF.NakagawaO.AizawaY.A study of glucose level and psychological factors—self-efficacy and anxiety/depression in diabetic patients. Psychosomatic Medicine, 2000, 4, 231–237.
7.
IshiiH.How does stress affect diabetes complications—reciprocity between stress and diabetes complications. Journal of Practical Diabetes, 1997, 14, 264–270.
8.
KimW. S.ShimadaH.SakanoY.The relationship between self-efficacy in health behavior and stress responses in chronic disease patients. Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine, 1996, 36, 499–505.
9.
NinK.NakaiY.MorimotoM.Causes of daily life stress and exhaustion related to diabetes. Journal of the Japan Diabetes Society, 2000, 43, 983–987.
10.
NozakiT.TamaiH.NishikataH.Blood glucose control and psychological characteristics. Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine, 1993, 5, 32–37.
11.
PenninxB. W.van TilburgT.BoekeA. J.DeegD. J.KriegsmanD. M.van EijkJ. T.Effects of social support and personal coping resources on depressive symptoms: Different for various chronic diseases?Diabetes Care, 1998, 21, 909–914.
12.
RubinR. R.PeyrotM.SaudekC. D.Effect of diabetes education self-care, metabolic control, and emotional well-being. Diabetes Care, 1990, 13, 901–902.
13.
Shortridge-BaggettL. M.Van der BijlJ. J.International collaborative research on management self-efficacy in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Education, 1996, 22, 237–241.
14.
TanamiA.Diabetes mental health care including life style guidance and complications. Journal of Practical Diabetes, 1995, 12, 53–58.
