The Determinants of Public Revenues for Higher and Lower Education: A Thirty-Year Perspective

This longitudinal study examines the determinants of higher education revenues per capita, lower education revenues per capita, and the ratio of the two over a 30-year period. Demographic variables (percentage of population in the appropriate age group, education of the adult population, etc.) are unimportant, as is personal income per capita. The most important variables are a historical one and two political variables. The historical variable, density of population in 1860, measures the propensity of states to develop private higher education before passage of the Morrill Act. The fact that the two political variables (percentage of taxes raised at the state level and taxes as a percentage of income) are important implies that the dependent variables are capable of being manipulated by the political process.