A. R. Jensen's hypothesis concerning genetically-determined differences in intelligence between North American blacks and whites is summarised. Problems involved in the application of heritability statistics to IQ data are discussed. The concept of “intelligence” is reviewed from a cross-cultural perspective, and an alternative model of potential, competence and performance is proposed. Finally, the questions of scientific freedom and social responsibility are touched upon, and the implications of the great debate for scientists and educators discussed.
References
1.
BerryJ. W. (1971). Ecological and cultural factors in spatial perceptual development. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 3: 324.
2.
BodmerW. F. (1972). Race and IQ: the genetic argument, in Race, Culture and Intelligence. (eds. RichardsonK.SpearsD.) Harmondsworth Press, London.
3.
Cavalli-SforzaL. L. (1970). Problems and prospects of genetic analysis of intelligence at the intra- and inter-racial level, in The Disadvantaged Child, Volume III. (ed. HellmuthJ.) Brunner/Mazel, New York.
4.
CiceroTullius M. (1920). Letters to Atticus, I. (ed. and translator, WinstedtE. O.), Loeb Classical Library, Cambridge, Mass.
5.
DasenP. R. (1973). Piagetian research in central Australia, in The Psychology of Aboriginal Australians. (eds. KearneyG. E.de LaceyP. R.DavidsonG. R.), Wiley Books, Sydney.
6.
DasenP. R.de LaceyP. R.SeagrimG. N. (1973). Reasoning ability in adopted and fostered Aboriginal children, in The Psychology of Aboriginal Australians, (eds. KearneyG. E.de LaceyP. R.DavidsonG. M.) Wiley Books, Sydney.
7.
de LaceyP. R. (1970). Classificatory ability. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1: 293.
8.
de LaceyP. R. (1971). Verbal intelligence, operational thinking and environment in part-Aboriginal children. Australian Journal of Psychology, 23: 145.
9.
de LemosMarion M. (1969). The development of conservation. International Journal of Psychology, 4: 255.
10.
Erlenmeyer-KimlingL.JarvikL. F. (1964). Genetics and intelligence. Science, 142: 1477.
11.
EysenckH. J. (1971). Race, Intelligence and Education.Sun Books, Melbourne.
JensenA. R. (1969). How much can we boost IQ and educational achievement?Harvard Educational Review, 39: 1.
15.
JensenA. R. (1970). Another look at culture-fair testing, in The Disadvantaged Child, Volume III. (ed. HellmuthJ.) Brunner/Mazel, New York.
16.
JensenA. R. (1973). Educability and Group Differences.Harper and Sons, New York.
17.
JensenA. R. (1974). Genetic diversity and human equality (review of T. Dobzhansky) to appear in Perspectives in Biology and Medicine..
18.
KlinebergO. (1951). Race and Psychology.UNESCO, Paris.
19.
LayzerD. (1972). Science or superstition? A physical scientist looks at the IQ controversey. International Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 1: 265.
20.
McElwainD. W.KearneyG. E. (1973). Intellectual development, in The Psychology of Aboriginal Australians. (eds. KearneyG. E.de LaceyP. R.DavidsonG. M.), Wiley Books, Sydney.
21.
PorteusS. D. (1961). Ethnic group differences. Mankind Quarterly, 1: 187.
22.
ShueyAudrey M. (1966). The Testing of Negro Intelligence.Social Science Press, New York.
23.
VernonP. E. (1969). Intelligence and Cultural Environment.Methuen. London.
