The framework of a systems dynamics model (SDM) is presented for simulating road crashes. For the purpose of illustration, the model is applied to two-vehicle rear-end crashes where both vehicles are assumed to be traveling in the same lane. The crash situation results from the introduction of some obstruction along the pathway, which causes drivers to adjust their speeds and separation distances. SDM extends the features of classical car-following theory in combination with crash avoidance models. Preliminary results are discussed. The SDM provides a number of useful insights into the complex process that gives rise to rear-end crashes for an assumed transportation scenario. These insights can serve to guide the development of effective safety countermeasures for reducing rear-end crashes. The potential relevance of the model for other crash situations is also discussed.
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