Time Course of Changes in Plasma Concentrations of the Growth Related Hormones during Protein Restriction in the Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus)

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the possible role of circulating growth hormones triiodothyronine (T₃), thyroxine (T₄), and insulin-like growth factor I (somatomedin-C; IGF-I) in the elevation of plasma growth hormone (GH) which occurs in protein-restricted chickens. Plasma hormone changes were determined over a 2-week period of protein depletion by feeding a 5% protein diet as well as a similar period of protein repletion with a 20% protein diet. The rise in plasma GH was observed in two separate studies. Plasma concentrations of T₄, T₃, and IGF-I were all depressed in protein-restricted chicks prior to or concurrent with the GH elevation. In the protein repletion time course study, T₄ and T₃ concentrations were normalized prior to or concurrent with plasma GH normalization. However, IGF-I concentrations in repleted chicks did not return to control levels until after normal levels of GH were observed. These data suggest that thyroid hormones may play a greater role in the regulation of GH secretion during periods of malnourishment than IGF-I; the latter being currently thought to be a peripherally circulating inhibitor of GH release in animals.