Active Immunity to Experimental Poliomyelitis by Intranasal Route in Macacus rhesus. ∗

We wish to report protection against intranasal infection with subsequent development of immunity in monkeys that had received instillations of pituitrin S and adrephine,† followed by intranasal instillations of potent virus suspensions.

The treatment consisted of instilling 1/2 cc. of surgical pituitrin into each nostril, followed in 5 minutes by instillation of 1 cc. of adrephine (a preparation consisting of a mixture of adrenalin and ephedrine, with a small amount of chloretone).

One group of 16 animals received preliminary treatments with pituitrin S and adrephine twice a day for 5 and 7 days, followed by 3 daily instillations of 1 cc. of a 5% suspension of virus into each nostril (intranasal test). Of the 16 animals, 6 received the first of the instillations of virus 12 hours after the last treatment; 4 received virus 24 hours, 3 received virus 48 hours, and three, 96 hours after the last treatment. The animals were bled from 18 to 57 days after the intranasal test, and neutralization tests were done on their serums. A second intranasal test was performed on the surviving animals from 3 to 14 weeks later, and the animals surviving this test were inoculated intracerebrally with an infective dose of virus.

A second group of 10 animals received the instillations of pituitrin S and adrephine daily, followed in 4 or 6 hours by instillations of virus. Eight of the 10 animals received a second treatment with pituitrin S and adrephine, 4 hours after the virus. These daily treatments and instillations of virus were continued for 20 to 28 days. The surviving animals were bled and neutralization tests done on their serums. Then each animal received an instillation of one cc. of virus into each nostril on 3 successive days without pituitrin S and adrephine.