Topological sensitivity analysis with respect to a small hole located at the boundary of the domain

The topological sensitivity analysis consists to study the variation of a shape functional with respect to emerging of small holes in the interior of the domain occupied by the body. In this paper, we consider the case of a hole located at the boundary of the domain. The topological asymptotic expansion is derived for the Laplace equation in three cases: Dirichlet condition, Neumann condition and Robin condition on the boundary of the hole.