Assessment of Carbon Sequestration Capacity of Seaweed in Climate Change Mitigation

Carbon (C) cycling is being influenced by global climate change, which is altering the primary productivity and the rate at which carbon is fixed, released and stored in vegetation systems on Earth. Carbon sequestration is recognised as the storing of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and other kinds of carbon for a long time. A selective atmospheric carbon-based anthropic enrichment causes an environmental catastrophe, which necessitates methods of mitigation. Algal primary production (which includes cyanobacterial algae, microalgal, and macroalgal) is a key pathway for C biosequestration in the ocean. Many scientists and environmental professionals are concerned about the rise in global temperatures and climate change. Increased quantity of carbon that can be absorbed from the atmosphere by exploiting the ability of plants, particularly seaweed, to use CO₂ in process of photosynthesis is one of the key solutions being given to prevent the earth’s rising temperature at a faster rate. The ability of ocean plants to act as a carbon sink from anthropogenic sources (also recognised as “Blue Carbon”) has piqued people’s interest. Marine primary producers are responsible for at least half of the earth’s carbon uptake and up to 71 percent of all C storing. Seaweeds have important roles in the elemental cycles of coastal ecosystems, mostly through the export of organic matter to neighbouring communities and the accumulation of carbon and nutrients in the sediment.