The impact of parental participation on parent-child sports interaction under the background of big data and Internet of Things

Abstract

With the development of society and the increase of education penetration rate, people pay more and more attention to the parent-child sports interaction between children and parents. The development of big data and the Internet of Things provides a new opportunity to study the impact of parental participation on parent-child sports interaction. This article uses technology to obtain experimental data and analyze the results of the experiment. By studying the four situations of parental participation, single parent participation, and neither parent participating, it is shown in a comparative way that parental participation can significantly improve children’s sense of experience and comprehensive ability in parent-child sports interaction. When one parent participates alone, the effect of the father’s participation is better than that of the mother. Parental participation will make children more interested in sports, and parental participation will also improve children’s abilities in all aspects. Targeted solutions are proposed based on these problems. Let fathers participate more in parent-child sports interaction, strengthen parents’ understanding of parent-child sports interaction, enrich parents’ educational experience, parents should coordinate work and life time, and choose appropriate methods for parent-child sports interaction. At present, although some achievements have been made in parent-child sports interaction, there is still a lot of room for improvement, and further research is needed.

Keywords

Big data Internet of Things parental participation parent-child sports interaction

1. Introduction

With the increasing popularity of education, more and more parents realize the importance of family education. More parents are eager for their children to become talents with all-round development of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor. Parents have begun to increase their interaction with their children and pay attention to the growth of their children’s inner world [1]. The impact of family education on children is lifelong, and parents are lifelong teachers of children. Parents are the nurturers of their children, and their words and deeds will affect their children’s life. Good parent-child interaction can create a good family atmosphere and create a good family environment for children to grow up. The lack of parent-child interaction will lead to the alienation of the relationship between parents and children, and even lead to the abnormal development of children’s psychology [2].

Parent-child sports interaction is a kind of parent-child interaction. Parent-child interaction refers to the interaction between parents and children in the form of body movements, language expressions, and emotional transmission. The influence of the interaction between parents and children on children has the characteristics of persistence, purity and longevity. Parent-child sports interaction refers to the physical, verbal and emotional exchanges between parents and children in sports activities. At present, the main forms of parent-child sports include school-organized and daily sports of students and parents. The parent-child activities organized by the school mainly include parent-child rope skipping, two-person three-legged, blindfolded obstacle course, small basketball throwing, digital holding team competition, parent-child crafting, obstacle course competition and other forms. The daily sports of students and parents mainly include badminton, table tennis, swimming and other activitiesextbf [3].

Preschool children refer to students in grades 3–6 who have not entered primary school. Children at this stage have the characteristics of emotional instability, insufficient cognitive ability, rapid changes, and high plasticity. During this period, the close sports interaction between parents and children can help children form a healthy personality, establish a good emotional cognition, and guide children to love sports.

Big data has the characteristics of 4V, can process, store, process, and analyze massive structured and unstructured data, is compatible with traditional equipment, and can provide decision-making reference for the development of all walks of life. The Internet of Things is a network that connects things and things and people and things on the basis of the Internet. The purpose of the development of the Internet of Things is to realize the interconnection and interaction of information exchange. The Internet of Things has functions such as real-time monitoring, tracking and positioning, alarm linkage, command control, privacy protection, and online upgrade. Big data and the Internet of Things have important applications in education, medical care, finance, and media industries. They can drive the transition from traditional industries to informatization, and are important technologies to promote social progress [4]. Big data and the Internet of Things also play an important role in education. Through the analysis capabilities of big data, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and other technologies, it is possible to conduct in-depth and thorough analysis of student behavior, the current situation of education, and the ability of teachers. It plays an important role in improving the level of education, improving the education system, and promoting the healthy and comprehensive development of children. This paper studies the impact of parental participation on parent-child sports interaction. With the help of analysis technologies such as big data and the Internet of Things, it deeply explores the impact mechanism of parental participation on parent-child sports interaction.

At present, three scholars, Li Deguo, Hu Yue and Zhang Xiaodan, have concluded that the parent-child sports interaction of students aged 13–15 is positively correlated with parent-child relationship and mental health. However, the research is only aimed at children aged 13–15, and the research is not detailed and in-depth, and the experiments of the three scholars were conducted in 2013, which is not representative at this stage. At the same time, with the development of big data and Internet of Things technology, the use of information technology can carry out more in-depth analysis of this field. Therefore, it is necessary to revisit the influence of parental participation on parent-child sports interaction.

This paper divides the variable of parental participation into the participation of both parents, the participation of fathers, the participation of mothers, and the participation of other parents, and explores the impact mechanism of parental participation on parent-child sports interaction from a unique perspective, and systematically expounds the content of the study. The article’s unique perspective and in-depth exposition are the two major advantages of the article.

2. Research status

The Interannual Evolution of Adolescent Mental Health in 2009 and 2020 shows that there are serious problems in adolescent mental health, with one in four adolescents diagnosed with depression, and nearly half of adolescents with mild depression. Current clinical studies have shown that depressive manifestations in adolescence are strongly associated with lack of family education in childhood. To improve depression in adolescents, we must start from childhood. Parent-child sports are an important form of parent-child interaction and an important way for parents and children to get in touch and communicate with each other. Especially from 2019 to 2022, during the period of normalization of the epidemic, the epidemic affected the start of school for some students, and also affected the normal work of some parents, and the contact time between parents and children became longer. Family sports during home isolation play an important role in enhancing parent-child relationship, promoting parent-child communication, and relieving anxiety and depression. This phenomenon has set off a study in China on the impact of parental participation in parent-child sports interaction on preschool children [5].

Table 1
The degree of importance that Chinese parents attach to parent-child sports interaction

Importance awareness	Quantity	Percentage	Effective percentage	Cumulative percentage
There has never been	22	0.11	0.11	0.11
Occasionally	55	0.275	0.275	0.385
Often have	36	0.18	0.18	0.565
There is always	87	0.435	0.435	1
Total	200	1	1

As shown in Table 1, the team randomly checked 200 parents in a community in City A, interviewed them, and collected their attitudes about parent-child sports interaction. from Table 1 It can be seen that 11% of parents have never participated in parent-child sports interaction with their children, and 43.5% of parents have always participated in parent-child sports activities with their children. This shows that most parents have a good understanding and implementation of parent-child sports activities, and can actively participate in parent-child sports interaction. However, there are still a small number of parents who are not aware of their participation in parent-child activities [6].

Tian et al. [7] systematically expounded the parent-child sports interaction activities of children aged 3–6, the time of activities, parents’ awareness of parent-child sports interaction, the forms of parent-child activities, and the influencing factors of parent-child activities, and found that at present, the form of parent-child sports interaction is relatively monotonous, and parents generally attach more importance to parent-child sports interaction [8]. The main problem they face is that parents of infants and young children lack time or lack scientific guidance.

To sum up, at this stage, China pays more attention to parent-child sports interaction, but lacks in-depth research. Parent-child sports interaction still faces many problems. To solve this problem, it is necessary to conduct research through new methods and ideas.

3. Questionnaire

3.1 Technical support for research

Big data and Internet of Things technology provide technical support for research. Most traditional surveys collect data by filling out questionnaires spontaneously by respondents. However, such methods often face the problem that the description indicators are not detailed, and the questionnaires are completed subjectively by the respondents. Subjectivity is strong and the error is large. This experiment uses the Internet of Things technology to monitor the research objects in the experiment in real time and obtain various information. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 1.

Comparison of the processing method of this study and the traditional.

As shown in Fig. 1, the experimental processing methods in this paper are very different in terms of data acquisition and data processing. The accuracy and speed of experimental data acquisition are significantly improved, and the data processing methods are more intelligent and efficient. specialized.

3.2 Research process

A free parent-child sports activity will be held in a community in City A. The requirements for participating are that the children must be preschool children (about 3–7 years old, age is not a hard indicator), and one or more parents must bring their children to participate in the competition.

3.2.1 Research purpose

This experiment mainly explores the situation of parent-child sports interaction from the dimension of parental participation, discovers the problems existing in parent-child sports interaction, and proposes targeted solutions.

3.2.2 Research objects

Among the participating children, 80 children (brought by both parents to participate in the competition) are selected as group A. Among the participating children, 80 children (brought by their fathers to participate in the competition) are selected as group B. Among the participating children, 80 children (brought by both mothers to participate in the competition) are selected as group C. Among the participating children, 80 children (carried by others except their parents) are selected as group D. There is no control group in this experiment, and the four groups of experiments are compared with each other. Please refer to Table 2 for the details of the participating members.

Table 2
Survey information table

	Average age	Mental health index	Intelligence	Physical conditions
Group A	5.26	9.36	7.36	9.14
Group B	5.13	9.18	7.25	9.17
Group C	5.39	9.16	7.16	9.25
Group D	5.55	9.55	7.39	9.11
	$P=$ 0.0 7 3	$P=$ 0.0 8 7	$P=$ 0.056	$P=$ 0.133

As shown in Table 2, the significance level $P$ values of the four groups of data are 0.073, 0.087, 0.056 and 0.133 respectively, and the four values are all greater than 0.05. According to statistical knowledge, it should be rejected at this time. The null hypothesis, therefore, is that there is no significant difference between each group of data.

3.2.3 Research methods

(1)
Literature research method. In the early stage of the experiment, a large number of domestic and foreign literature materials were used.
(2)
Comparative research method. Conclusions are drawn through the comparative study of four groups of experiments.

3.3 Research significance

This experiment has not only theoretical significance, but also practical significance.

Theoretical significance: The systematic research and analysis of parent-child sports interaction behavior of preschool children is of great significance to enrich the theory of parent-child sports interaction and promote the development of related fields.

Practical significance: On the one hand, it can promote the development of parent-child relationship. By feeding back the problems found in the experiment to parents, parents can make targeted corrections, which can promote the harmonious development of parent-child relationship. On the other hand, it can improve the level of learning and teaching. Kindergarten managers formulate targeted management plans based on the experimental results to promote more comprehensive development of preschool children.

4. Problems and analysis of parent-child sports interaction

4.1 The absence of parental company and the company of one parent will affect children’s experience of parent-child interaction

Table 3
Children’s experience of sports activities in different groups

	Exchange situation	Hugs	Happy mood
Group A	6.99	8.33	9.36
Group B	5.23	4.35	8.12
Group C	5.16	6.37	8.02
Group D	3.21	2.12	4.39
	$P=$ 0.0000	$P=$ 0.0000	$P=$ 0.0000

From Table 3 that the significance level P of the three items of communication, hugs, and mood are all less than 0.05, and the participation of parents will significantly affect children’s sense of sports in sports activities.

Figure 2.

Children’s experience in sports activities in different groups.

From Fig. 2 that in the communication situation, the score is group A $>$ group B $>$ group C $>$ group D, indicating that children are more willing to communicate with their parents. In the number of hugs, the score: Group A $>$ Group C $>$ Group B $>$ Group D. Parental participation will significantly increase children’s hugs in parent-child sports activities, but the number of hugs when mothers participate is significantly higher than that when fathers participate, which indicates that the interaction between mothers and children is more focused on physical contact. In the item of happiness, the score is group A $>$ group B $>$ group C $>$ group D. It shows that parents and children feel happier when they are in the company of their parents. A single father was happier with the child than when the mother was alone. Combining the number of hugs and the degree of novelty and pleasure, it can be concluded that the father is more suitable to accompany the child to participate in sports interactive sports if the mother is accompanied by physical contact. Children without parental company performed poorly in all three items, indicating that parental company will affect children’s sense of participation in sports. It can be concluded that (1) parental participation can improve children’s communication ability in parent-child sports activities, the degree of intimacy with parents, and the degree of happiness. Children without parental involvement were weak in all three. (2) Fathers are more suitable for participating in parent-child sports with their children, and mothers are more suitable for physical contact with children.

4.2 The company of parents will make children love sports more

As shown in Fig. 3. The children’s sports willingness score is group A $>$ group B $>$ group C $>$ group D. This shows that the joint participation of parents will make children more interested in sports. Parental involvement will make children more interested in sports, especially fathers.

Children who were not accompanied by their parents showed significantly lower enthusiasm for exercise than the other three groups. These children may be accompanied by their grandparents, who are often unable to exercise regularly due to physical inconvenience, resulting in the children not being able to develop enthusiasm for sports. Most of the parents of the 320 preschool children surveyed in this experiment were born in the 1980s and 1990s. These parents have higher education levels and higher incomes, and have a unique understanding of sports. These parents can clearly recognize that exercise can greatly help their children’s growth and development. Exercise can promote children’s bone development, help children grow taller, exercise can correct children’s bone development problems, especially hunchback, scoliosis and other problems. Exercise can improve children’s heart and lung function and allow children to grow up healthily. These parents tend to engage in sports spontaneously, and their parents’ attitude toward sports will infect their children, which will also drive their children’s enthusiasm for sports.

4.3 The company of parents will improve children’s abilities in all aspects

Table 4
Comprehensive performance of children in different groups

Group	Sports scores	Teamwork	Language expression skills	Command ability
Group A	8.23	7.55	8.16	9.15
Group B	8.19	7.16	7	9.11
Group C	7.23	7	8.36	6.35
Group D	4.36	4.12	6.25	6.14
	$P=$ 0.000	$P=$ 0.000	$P=$ 0.000	$P=$ 0.000

Figure 3.

Children’s willingness to exercise in different groups.

From Table 4 that the significance level $P$ values of children in different groups of sports competition scores, teamwork ability, language expression ability, and command ability are all less than 0.05, which can be concluded. There are significant differences in the performance of children in different groups in these four items.

Figure 4.

Comprehensive performance of children in different groups.

It can be seen from Fig. 4 that the results of sports competition scores, teamwork ability, and command ability are group A $>$ group B $>$ group C $>$ group D. This shows that parental participation can significantly improve children’s sports scores, language skills and command skills. The effect of father alone participation was more pronounced than that of mother alone. The score of language expression ability is, group A $>$ group C $>$ group B $>$ group D. This shows that mothers are better at verbal communication with their children, while fathers are better at playing sports with their children, improving their children’s teamwork and commanding abilities. Children without their parents scored poorly on these four items. On the other hand, it illustrates the influence of parental participation on the comprehensive performance of children participating in sports.

To sum up, the conclusions drawn from this experiment (1) parental participation can significantly improve children’s experience and comprehensive ability in parent-child sports interaction. (2) When one parent participates alone, the effect of the father’s participation is better than that of the mother. (3) The participation of parents will make the children love sports more, and the participation of parents will also improve the children’s abilities in all aspects.

5. Solutions for parent-child sports interaction

5.1 Improve father’s participation in parent-child sports interaction

Through the above research, we found that fathers accompanying their children in parent-child sports have more advantages than mothers accompanying their children in parent-child sports. Fathers accompany their children to do parent-child sports, which can help children implement sports plans, enhance physical agility, and love sports. Able to establish a good parent-child relationship and promote more in-depth communication between father and son [9]. Both parent-child interaction and sports can produce pleasure and enhance children’s trust in their fathers [10].

With the development of the times, the mother shares the father’s burden of supporting the family’s income, and the role of the father has been given more meaning. Traditionally, fathers are the financial backbone of the family, but in modern society, fathers are considered more suitable than mothers to participate in children’s sports activities. Fathers should re-understand their position in the family, coordinate their work and leisure time, and use their spare time to accompany their children to the greatest extent possible to engage in parent-child sports activities. Relevant research points out that the most suitable family range is love in strictness, and strictness in love, which means that parents should work together to create a good family atmosphere for their children, so that children can form good habits of self-consciousness and initiative. When fathers are at home, they can engage in more parent-child sports interactive activities with their children. Games such as picking up dolls, fear of monkeys, mine sweeping, crab dribbling, tug-of-war, and doll clipping play an important role in improving children’s posture and improving their IQ [11].

5.2 Recognize the importance of parent-child sports interaction

The above research shows that parents’ participation in parent-child sports activities can bring joy to children, help children form a sound personality, good emotional cognition, let children feel the love of their parents, cultivate a good parent-child relationship, and promote the healthy development of children.

Parental involvement has an important impact on parent-child physical activity. However, in today’s social and economic development, parents who are born in the 1980s and 1990s are faced with work pressure, car loans and housing loans, and taking care of the elderly. They are faced with many pressures. Parents are required to participate in daily parent-child sports activities. Not very realistic. Therefore, in reality, parent-child sports interaction is often participated by one parent However, based on the results of this experiment, in terms of time arrangement, the task of “participating in children’s sports activities” to the child’s father can often reap better benefits [12].

However, according to the experimental survey results, some parents do not pay enough attention to parent-child sports interaction. Although many parents born in the 1980s and 1990s often surf the Internet, they do not pay attention to the relevant knowledge about parent-child sports interaction. The importance of parent-child physical activity and the benefits it can bring to children are unclear. At the same time, this situation is also related to the lack of media propaganda. The media should increase the publicity of parent-child sports and encourage parents to interact more with their children. At the same time, the form of parent-child interaction is innovated, so that parent-child sports interaction will no longer be a burden on parents, but let both parents and children be happy.

5.3 Enrich parents’ educational experience and think about problems from the perspective of children

The reasons why parents do not attach importance to parent-child interaction can be divided into three points: (1) Parents lack relevant theoretical knowledge and do not know the impact of parent-child sports interaction on children (2) Many parents are busy with work and rarely have free time to accompany their children, forming a kind of Subconscious - children don’t need company. (3) Many parents do not consider the problem from the perspective of the children themselves.

Many parents want to relax after a day’s work, and rely on traditional impressions to let their children enjoy their favorite entertainment methods, such as watching TV, painting, reading, etc., but they do not ask their children’s wishes. At the same time, many parents often think that being strict will make their children listen to their own words, but this often causes children to hate themselves and lose their desire to share. These missteps are all about parents’ inexperience in parenting [13].

Interaction is an art like communication. Most of the post – 80s and post – 90s are parents for the first time and lack relevant experience. Some parents have viewed parent-child sports interaction from the perspective of Chang’an, which will cause children to lose interest in parent-child sports interaction [14]. Some parents only talk about themselves without giving their children the opportunity to express themselves, which will cause the children to lose their desire to express themselves. Inappropriate interaction methods will lead to children’s withdrawn personality, deterioration of parent-child relationship, and slow psychological development of children. Moreover, some parents misinterpret the concept of parent-child sports interaction. They think that getting along day and night is a way of interaction, but in fact, children need higher-quality parent-child sports activities [15]. To solve these problems, the joint efforts of children’s parents and society are needed. The community can regularly organize some public welfare lectures to popularize relevant knowledge for inexperienced parents born in the 1980s and 1990s; education experts can publish some parenting-related books; some experienced parents can also share their experiences in WeChat and QQ groups. How to interact with children in sports.

5.4 Parents should coordinate work and life time and choose an appropriate way to carry out parent-child sports interaction

Some parents have a single way of parent-child interaction, and do not know how to carry out sports interaction to attract children’s enthusiasm. In order to solve this problem, the community organizes a parent-child sports interaction platform between science and technology groups. This platform has a large number of parent-child interaction methods. Parents enter this platform and enter their children’s age, interests, interests, hobbies, height, weight, etc., as well as parents’ related information, the platform will recommend intelligent interactive methods for parents. The interaction method recommended by the platform is generated according to the child’s interest method, which can attract the child’s interest. Moreover, this interactive method is suitable for the height and body shape of children and parents, and it will also bring a good sense of experience to both parents and children in the process of exercising.

The construction of this platform needs to rely on big data and Internet of Things technology, combined with artificial intelligence technology, to realize the search and recommendation of massive data. Big data can realize the storage, retrieval and analysis of massive data, and obtain massive interactive methods. The Internet of Things can realize the circulation of information, and artificial intelligence can realize intelligent recommendation of information. Based on these three technologies, a smart parent-child sports interactive platform is constructed. The construction of parent-child sports interaction platform plays an important role in improving the quality of parent-child sports interaction and promoting the harmonious development of parent-child relationship.

6. Conclusion

The article uses big data and Internet of Things technology to obtain experimental data, analyze the results of the experiment, and show the results of the experiment in a comparative way by studying the four situations of parental participation, single parent participation, and neither parent participating: (1) The joint participation of parents can significantly improve children’s experience and comprehensive ability in parent-child sports interaction. (2) When one parent participates alone, the effect of the father’s participation is better than that of the mother. (3) The participation of parents will make the children love sports more, and the participation of parents will also improve the children’s abilities in all aspects. Based on these phenomena, targeted solutions are proposed: (1) Encourage fathers to participate more in parent-child sports interaction. (2) Strengthen parents’ understanding of parent-child sports interaction. (3) Enrich parents’ educational experience. (4) Parents should coordinate work and life time and choose an appropriate way to carry out parent-child sports interaction.

The three innovations of the article are: first, the variable of parental participation is divided into four situations, and the influence of parental participation on parent-child sports interaction is studied by means of comparative experiments. Second, acquire the experimental data and process the experimental results through big data and IoT technologies. Finally, an intelligent parent-child sports interaction platform is built based on big data, Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence technologies, which is of great help to improve the quality of parent-child sports interaction and improve the parent-child relationship.

The shortcoming of the article is that the scope of the experiment is not wide enough, and the experiment only studies the effect of parental participation on parent-child sports interaction in preschool children. At the same time, the article is limited by human, material and financial resources, and the research on the experimental content is not detailed enough.

The future research direction can be carried out in the direction of the influence of parent-child sports interaction in parental participation meeting under the epidemic situation of home isolation. Adolescence is the time when children’s problems are most exposed, and future research can also be carried out in the direction of the influence of parent-child sports interaction under the conditions of adolescence.

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The impact of parental participation on parent-child sports interaction under the background of big data and Internet of Things

Abstract

Keywords

1. Introduction

2. Research status

Table 1 The degree of importance that Chinese parents attach to parent-child sports interaction

3.1 Technical support for research

3.2.1 Research purpose

3.2.2 Research objects

Table 2 Survey information table

(1) Literature research method. In the early stage of the experiment, a large number of domestic and foreign literature materials were used. (2) Comparative research method. Conclusions are drawn through the comparative study of four groups of experiments. 3.3 Research significance

4. Problems and analysis of parent-child sports interaction

4.1 The absence of parental company and the company of one parent will affect children’s experience of parent-child interaction

Table 3 Children’s experience of sports activities in different groups

4.3 The company of parents will improve children’s abilities in all aspects

Table 4 Comprehensive performance of children in different groups

5.1 Improve father’s participation in parent-child sports interaction

5.2 Recognize the importance of parent-child sports interaction

5.3 Enrich parents’ educational experience and think about problems from the perspective of children

5.4 Parents should coordinate work and life time and choose an appropriate way to carry out parent-child sports interaction

6. Conclusion

References

Table 1
The degree of importance that Chinese parents attach to parent-child sports interaction

Table 2
Survey information table

(1)
Literature research method. In the early stage of the experiment, a large number of domestic and foreign literature materials were used.
(2)
Comparative research method. Conclusions are drawn through the comparative study of four groups of experiments.

3.3 Research significance

Table 3
Children’s experience of sports activities in different groups

Table 4
Comprehensive performance of children in different groups