Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze how technological innovation promotes the development of intelligent industrial system. First, A factor analysis method was used to measure technological innovation capability of intelligent industry in Henan, China from 2006–2016, the correlation between the improvement of intelligent industrial technology innovation capacity and the growth of gross output value was tested and verified. SPSS software was used to analyze the influence of R&D personnel’s total time equivalent, R&D expenditure and total internal expenditure on the total output value of intelligent industrial sectors. Results show that there is a highly positive correlation between the improvement of intelligent industrial technology innovation capacity and the growth of gross output value. R&D personnel full-time equivalent and R&D funds, internal expenditure and intelligent industrial output value is positively related, The number of R&D institutions in large and medium-sized industrial enterprises is negatively related to the total output value of modern industries, the growth of patent application authorization cannot significantly affect the development of intelligent industry system.
Introduction
Technological innovation has an obvious effect on economic development today when science and technology develop rapidly. The economic development of a country or region depends on the breadth and depth of the application of technological innovation to a large extent in various industries [1]. At the same time, the impact of technological innovation on the industrial structure has become an unavoidable problem with the continuous development of China’s economy. Technological innovation can realize the effective use of resources, optimize the industrial structure, change the mode of economic development, and promote the economy to develop well and quickly. From a new round of industrial structure adjustment and development, improving the technological innovation capability of Henan province is the key to realize the healthy growth of the intelligent industrial structure and the promotion of international competitiveness. How to strengthen the scientific and technological factors in the construction of intelligent industry system in Henan province and to play a strong role in promoting technological innovation is necessary and important. The technological innovation of intelligent industry can be divided into four types according to the different degree: First, incremental innovation, which is almost impossible to detect, brings little change to each innovation, but it has a tremendous cumulative effect on the cost and performance of the product [2]. Second, opening innovation and using existing technology to open new market opportunities are at the heart of this innovation [3]. Third, the structure innovation, the innovation comes from scientific breakthrough, it broke the previous structural industry of new technology control, defines the basic structure of products and processes for the future competition and innovation outlined the basic framework [4]. Fourth, fundamental innovation, which refers to an innovative product or technology that is first marketed to the market and has a significant impact on the economy [5]. Intelligent industry has achieved a fundamental change through structural innovation and fundamental innovation, and a large number of previously unavailable modern products have been rapidly market. Structural innovation and fundamental innovation are the technological support for the rapid development of intelligent industry in recent years.
At present, the academic research on the role of technological innovation in the development of the industrial system mainly focuses on the following three aspects: First, technological innovation is the inherent power of the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. To provide scientific and technological supply and market demand for the intelligent industrial system, intelligent industry system put forward potential demands on science and technology innovation by providing scientific and technological environment [6–8]. Second, technological innovation brings industrial competition and the survival of the fittest. Third, the contribution of technological innovation to economic growth and optimization of industrial structure, scholars are mostly related to specific cases for empirical research [9, 10]. In addition, some scholars firstly analyze the size of the technological innovation efficiency and size and further to find out the factors that hinder the development of the industrial system, and put forward the countermeasures to promote the development of the industrial system from the empirical study on the efficiency of industrial technology innovation angle [11, 12]. In view of the above literature review: first, there are many academic literatures on technological innovation on economic growth, but the systematic study of the impact of technological innovation on the level of development of the Intelligent industry system of the study is relatively small; second, quantitative research in academic circles at present lack of technical innovation and development of intelligent industrial system. Therefore, the author combines quantitative analysis method to study the role of technological innovation in the development of intelligent industry system in Henan China, and verifies that the upgrading of technological innovation capability of Henan province has a positive relationship with its intelligent industrial system.
The Establishment of the evaluation index system of technological innovation capability in henan province and the measurement of its capability
The establishment of evaluation index system
According to a large number of relevant literature on, based on the understanding of the connotation of regional technology innovation, and combined with the actual situation of Henan Province, the evaluation index system of technological innovation capability of Henan province are divided into the following three aspects: the foundation of technological innovation environment, technological innovation ability, technological innovation output ability, the index system is shown in Table 1.
Evaluation index system of technological innovation capability
Evaluation index system of technological innovation capability
Note: the data statistics are above scale enterprises, and the data comes from the Statistical Yearbook of Henan Province and Henan Statistical Yearbook of Science and Technology (2007–2017). Because the research period is long, we need to consider the disturbance of the price fluctuation factor to the index data. Use R&D expenditure price index = 0.45*fixed asset price index + 0.55*consumer price index, to reduce the R&D funds, internal expenditure, new product output value and other indicators.
Use factor analysis method and SPSS19.0 software to analyze the panel data of 2006–2016 years’ technological innovation capability evaluation index system of Henan Province, and then calculate the technological innovation capability score of ten years. The concrete steps are as follows.
KMO test and Bartlett sphericity test
The KMO test and Bartlett sphericity test were carried out by using SPSS software (Table 2).
KMO and Bartlett sphericity check
KMO and Bartlett sphericity check
From Table 2, the KMO is 0.760 greater than 0.5, and the Bartlett sphericity test Sig. is less than 0.05, which means significant statistical significance. The panel data is suitable for factor analysis.
As shown in Table 3, only the eigenvalues of the first two factors are greater than 1, and the total variance contribution rate is 95.120%. Therefore, it is desirable to select the first two factors as the main factor.
KMO and Bartlett sphericity check
KMO and Bartlett sphericity check
From Table 3, we can see that the eigenvalues of the first two factors are greater than 1, and the total variance contribution rate is 93.494%. Therefore, the first two factors are chosen as the main factors. In view of the fact that the initial load matrix is not clear enough to explain the factors, we use the rotational component matrix to interpret variables, as shown in Table 4.
Rotation component matrix
As can be seen from Table 4, the first common factor has a larger load than the others except for Z (x6), and the correlation factor is large. The second common factors have larger load at Z (x6).
Table 5 is the component score coefficient matrix, and we obtain two factor scoring expressions:
Component score coefficient matrix
Component score coefficient matrix
F1 = 0 . 904Z (x1) +0 . 902Z (x2) +0 . 891Z (x3) +0 . 799Z (x4) +0 . 890Z (x5) -0 . 018Z (x6) +0.701Z (x7) +0 . 582Z (x8) , F2 = -0 . 020Z (x1) -0.036Z (x2) -0 . 153Z (x3) -0 . 104Z (x4) -0 . 230Z (x5) +0 . 856Z (x6) -0 . 143Z (x7) -0 . 104Z (x8) .
Finally, the factor weighted method is used to evaluate the technological innovation capability of Henan province. The weight of the two factors is the variance contribution rate in Table 5. Therefore, the scoring model of technological innovation capability in Henan province is: T = 0 . 8367F1 + 0 . 0982F29.
Combining the panel data from 2006 to 2016, the study evaluates the technological innovation capability score of Henan Province, as shown in Table 6.
2006–2016 technological innovation capability score of Henan Province
From Table 6 shows that from 2006 to 2016, Henan’s technological innovation capability increased rapidly, except in 2006 negative condition, other years are positive score, and the growth is rapid.
The Correlation between the Upgrading of Technological Innovation Capability and the Growth of Modern Total Industrial Output Value of Henan Province
In view of the availability of indicator data and scientific, we select the index of total industrial output index as a measure of the development of intelligent industrial system, Pearson correlation coefficient are used to characterize the correlation of technology innovation ability and intelligent industrial output growth. Data processing is accomplished by means of SPSS19.0 (Table 7).
Correlation coefficient between technological innovation capability and total output value of Henan Province
As shown in Table 7, the correlation coefficient between technological innovation capability and total industrial output value of Henan province is 0.980, and it is significant at the 5% test level. It shows that there is a highly positive correlation between the two, and there is a linear correlation between them.
Model determination
We regard the total output value of intelligent industry as the dependent variable (Y), R&D personnel (X1), R&D internal expenditures Total (X2), patent application authorization (X3), the number of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises and research institutions (X4) as independent variables. The selection of independent variables was taken from the technology innovation input, output and environment, which is representative, and then establishes multiple linear regression model (1).
Data are from panel data from 2006 to 2016, and multivariate linear regression of panel data is done by SPSS19.0.
As you can see from Table 8, model (2) excludes X3 because the test is not significant. So model (2) is the model adopted. The fitting degree of R2 = 0 . 993 model is higher, the p value of each coefficient is less than 0.05, and it is significant at the 95% level, and the D-W = 2.185 is close to 2, which indicates that the model does not have autocorrelation. Then the regression equation is obtained:
Results of multiple linear regressions
A 1% increase in the full-time staff of R&D will increase the total value of intelligent industry by 0.647%; an increase of 1% of the total internal expenditure of R&D will increase the total output value of intelligent industry by 0.596%; the number of R&D institutions in large and medium-sized industrial enterprises will increase by 1%, which will reduce the total output value of modern industries by 0.013. It shows that the R&D staff full-time equivalent and R&D funds and internal expenditure are positively related to the total output value of intelligent industry, increasing technological innovation, manpower and capital investment can promote the development of intelligent industrial system [13]. However, the number of R&D institutions in large and medium-sized industrial enterprises is negatively related to the total output value of modern industries, and the reverse indicates that innovation investment will not impede the development of intelligent industrial systems. The growth of patent applications and licensing does not significantly affect the development of intelligent industrial systems.
Through the above analysis shows that there are highly positive correlation of technological innovation and intelligent industrial gross, R&D personnel, and R&D total internal expenditures have a positive role in promoting the development of intelligent industrial system, and the development of patent application authorization does not significantly affect the intelligent industry system. In order to make technological innovation play a more important role in promoting the development of intelligent industrial system, the government should rationally increase the investment of personnel and capital in R&D, and increase preferential policies for R&D activities of enterprises. Enterprises and governments should also improve the level of scientific research under the premise of market demand, and actively promote the marketization of scientific and technological achievements. At the same time, we should pay special attention to the intensity and mode of technological innovation investment, pay attention to avoid the current enterprises enjoying preferential tax policies for technological innovation, and blindly expanding the number of R&D institutions, and ignoring the quality of R&D institutions.