Starting Hemodialysis with Catheter and Mortality Risk: Persistent Association in a Competing Risk Analysis

Ravani P Palmer SC Oliver MJ et al. Associations between hemodialysis access type and clinical outcomes: a systematic review. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013;24(3):465–473

Pisoni RL Arrington CJ Albert JM et al. Facility hemodialysis vascular access use and mortality in countries participating in DOPPS: an instrumental variable analysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2009;53(3):475–491

Perl J Wald R McFarlane P et al. Hemodialysis vascular access modifies the association between dialysis modality and survival. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;22(6):1113–1121

Quinn RR Ravani P Fistula-first and catheter-last: fading certainties and growing doubts. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014;29(4):727–730

Polkinghorne KR McDonald SP Atkins RC Kerr PG Vascular access and all-cause mortality: a propensity score analysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004;15(2):477–486

Astor BC Eustace JA Powe NR Klag MJ Fink NE Coresh J CHOICE Study. Type of vascular access and survival among incident hemodialysis patients: the Choices for Healthy Outcomes in Caring for ESRD (CHOICE) Study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16(5):1449–1455

Allon M Daugirdas J Depner TA Greene T Ornt D Schwab SJ HEMO study group. Effect of change in vascular access on patient mortality in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2006;47(3):469–477

Moist LM Trpeski L Na Y Lok CE Increased hemodialysis catheter use in Canada and associated mortality risk: data from the Canadian Organ Replacement Registry 2001-2004. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;3(6):1726–1732

Lacson E Jr Wang W Lazarus JM Hakim RM Change in vascular access and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2009;54(5):912–921

Gruss E Portolés J Tato A et al. Clinical and economic repercussions of the use of tunneled haemodialysis catheters in a health area. Nefrologia 2009;29(2):123–129

Ocak G Halbesma N le Cessie S et al. Haemodialysis catheters increase mortality as compared to arteriovenous accesses especially in elderly patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011;26(8):2611–2617

Antón-Pérez G Pérez-Borges P Alonso-Almán F Vega-Díaz N Vascular accesses in haemodialysis: a challenge to be met. Nefrologia 2012;32(1):103–107

DeSilva RN Patibandla BK Vin Y et al. Fistula first is not always the best strategy for the elderly. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013;24(8):1297–1304

Nordio M Tessitore N Feriani M et al. Scientific Committee of Veneto Dialysis and Transplantation Registry. Mortality in the Veneto population on renal replacement therapy. J Nephrol 2013;26(Suppl 20):S23–S33

Bradbury BD Fissell RB Albert JM et al. Predictors of early mortality among incident US hemodialysis patients in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007;2(1):89–99

Foley RN Chen SC Solid CA Gilbertson DT Collins AJ Early mortality in patients starting dialysis appears to go unregistered. Kidney Int 2014;86(2):392–398

Robinson BM Zhang J Morgenstern H et al. Worldwide, mortality risk is high soon after initiation of hemodialysis. Kidney Int 2014;85(1):158–165

The International Classification of Diseases. 9^th Revision, Clinical Modification 1978. Comission on Professional and Hospital Activities, Ann Harbor, Michigan 48705, USA

van Dijk PC Jager KJ de Charro F et al. ERA-EDTA registry. ­Renal replacement therapy in Europe: the results of a collaborative effort by the ERA-EDTA registry and six national or regional registries. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001;16(6):1120–1129

Fine J Gray R A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk. J Am Stat Assoc 1999;94(446):496–509

Bray BD Boyd J Daly C et al. Scottish Renal Registry. Vascular access type and risk of mortality in a national prospective cohort of hemodialysis patients. Q J Med 2012;105(11):1097–1103

Mauri JM Clèries M Vela E Registry CR Catalan Renal Registry. Design and validation of a model to predict early mortality in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008;23(5):1690–1696

Catalan Society of Nephrology. Mortality risk calculator: predictive model of mortality within one year after starting HD. Available online at: http://www.socane.cat Accessed December 24, 2014.

U.S. Renal Data System. USRDS 2013 Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Bethesda, MD 2013

Lukowsky LR Kheifets L Arah OA Nissenson AR Kalantar-Zadeh K Patterns and predictors of early mortality in incident hemodialysis patients: new insights. Am J Nephrol 2012;35(6):548–558

Lok CE Mokrzycki MH Prevention and management of catheter-related infection in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 2011;79(6):587–598

Xue H Ix JH Wang W et al. Hemodialysis access usage patterns in the incident dialysis year and associated catheter-related complications. Am J Kidney Dis 2013;61(1):123–130

Canaud B Sénécal L Leray-Moragués H et al. L'accès vasculaire, une cause d'inflammation sous-estimée chez l'hémodialysé. Nephrologie 2003;24(7):353–358

Cappelli G Tetta C Canaud B Is biofilm a cause of silent chronic inflammation in haemodialysis patients? A fascinating working hypothesis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005;20(2):266–270

Movilli E Brunori G Camerini C et al. The kind of vascular access influences the baseline inflammatory status and epoetin response in chronic hemodialysis patients. Blood Purif 2006;24(4):387–393

Hung[J12] AM Alp Ikizler TA Hemodialysis central venous catheters as a source of inflammation and its implications. Semin Dial 2008;21(5):401–404

Goldstein SL Ikizler TA Zappitelli M Silverstein DM Ayus JC Non-infected hemodialysis catheters are associated with increased inflammation compared to arteriovenous fistulas. Kidney Int 2009;76(10):1063–1069

Sachdeva M Hung A Kovalchuk O Bitzer M Mokrzycki MH The initial vascular access type contributes to inflammation in incident hemodialysis patients. Int J Nephrol 2012;2012:917465

Banerjee T Kim SJ Astor B Shafi T Coresh J Powe NR Vascular access type, inflammatory markers, and mortality in incident hemodialysis patients: the Choices for Healthy Outcomes in Caring for End-Stage Renal Disease (CHOICE) Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2014;64(6):954–961

Roca-Tey R Arcos E Comas J Cao H Tort J Committee CR Vascular access for incident hemodialysis patients in Catalonia: analysis of data from the Catalan Renal Registry (2000-2011). J Vasc Access 2015 doi: 10.5301/jva.5000410 [Epub ahead of print].

Roca Tey R Vascular access for haemodialysis: an unresolved issue. Nefrologia 2010;30(3):280–287

Grubbs V Wasse H Vittinghoff E Grimes BA Johansen KL Health status as a potential mediator of the association between hemodialysis vascular access and mortality. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014;29(4):892–898

Bradbury BD Chen F Furniss A et al. Conversion of vascular access type among incident hemodialysis patients: description and association with mortality. Am J Kidney Dis 2009;53(5):804–814