This article is on the simultaneous diffusion approximation and homogenization of the linear Boltzmann equation when both the mean free path ε and the heterogeneity length scale η vanish. No periodicity assumption is made on the scattering coefficient of the background material. There is an assumption made on the heterogeneity length scale η that it scales as
ε
β
for
β
∈
(
0
,
∞
)
. In one space dimension, we prove that the solutions to the kinetic model converge to the solutions of an effective diffusion equation for any
β
⩽
2
in the
ε
→
0
limit. In any arbitrary phase space dimension, under a smallness assumption of a certain quotient involving the scattering coefficient in the
H
−
1
2
norm, we again prove that the solutions to the kinetic model converge to the solutions of an effective diffusion equation in the
ε
→
0
limit.