The recent proliferation of facility-siting conflicts underscores the need for new analytical techniques in which the external effects associated with noxious facilities are considered explicitly. In general, in prescriptive facility-location models it is assumed that having populations “closer”, as characterized by transport or accessibility advantages, is better for desirable facilities, but, locating “farther” away is better for undesirable facilities. The modeling formulation developed in this paper adds two new concepts to the prescriptive modeling work on locating noxious facilities: (1) “complementary anticover” as a measure of equity for siting facilities that provide a required capacity for producing goods or services, and (2) perceived risk attributable to the scale of these facilities. These two concepts, in conjunction with conventional cost considerations, are used to develop a multiobjective location model that may be used to find locational patterns which mitigate public opposition across a broad range of noxious facilities.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AustinMSmithT EWolpertJ, 1970, “The implementation of controversial facility-complex programs”Geographical Analysis2315–329
2.
CarnesS A, 1986, “Institutional issues affecting the transport of hazardous materials in the United States: Anticipating strategic management needs”Journal of Hazardous Materials13257–277
3.
ChurchRGarfinkelR S, 1978, “Locating an obnoxious facility on a network”Transportation Science12107–118
4.
ChurchRReVelleC, 1974, “The maximal covering location problem”Papers of the Regional Science Association32101–118
5.
ChurchRRobertsK, 1983, “Generalized coverage models and public facility location”Papers of the Regional Science Association53117–135
6.
CohonJ L, 1978Multiobjective Programming and Planning (Academic Press, Orlando, FL)
7.
CohonJ LEaglesT WMarguliesT SReVelleC, 1979, “Population/cost tradeoffs for nuclear reactor siting policies” “Report Series”, Operations Research Group, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
8.
CurrentJ RCohonJ LReVelleC S, 1984, “The shortest covering path problem: An application of locational constraints to network design”Journal of the Regional Science Association24161–185
9.
CurrentJ RReVelleC SCohonJ L, 1985, “The maximum covering/shortest path problem: A multiobjective network design and routing formulation”European Journal of Operational Research21189–199
10.
CurrentJ RReVelleC SCohonJ L, 1986, “The minimum covering/shortest path problem”, WP-86-121, College of Administrative Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; to appear in Decision Sciences
11.
DaskinM, 1982, “Application of an expected covering model to emergency medical service system design”Decision Sciences13416–439
12.
DreznerZWesolowskyG O, 1983, “The location of an obnoxious facility with rectangular distances”Journal of Regional Science12241–248
13.
EPA, 1980Hazardous Waste Facility Siting: A Critical Problem SW-865, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
14.
FischhoffB, 1985, “Managing risk perceptions”Issues in Science and Technology Fall issue, pp 83–96
15.
GladwinT N, 1980, “Patterns of environmental conflict over industrial facilities in the United States, 1970–1978”Natural Resources Journal20243–274
16.
HakimiS L, 1964, “Optimum location of switching centers and the absolute center and medians of a graph”Operations Research12450–459
17.
HakimiS L, 1965, “Optimum distribution of switching centers in a communication network and some related graph theoretic problems”Operations Research13462–475
18.
KaspersonR E, 1983Equity Issues in Radioactive Waste Management (Oelgeschlager, Gunn and Hain, Cambridge, MA)
19.
KaspersonR E, 1986a, “Hazardous waste facility siting: Community, firm, and governmental perspectives”, in National Academy of Engineering, Hazards Technology and Fairness (National Academy Press, Washington DC) pp 118–144
20.
KaspersonR E, 1986b, “Six propositions on public participation and their relevance to risk communications”Risk Analysis6275–281
KubyM, 1987, “Programming models for facility dispersion: The p-dispersion and p-defense problems”Geographical Analysis19315–329
23.
LakeR W (Ed.), 1986Resolving Locational Conflict (Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ)
24.
MelachrinoudisECullinaneT P, 1986, “Locating an obnoxious facility within a polygonal region”, in Locational Decisions: Methodology and Applications, Volume 6 Eds OsleebJRatickS (J C Baltzer, Basel) pp 137–145
25.
MoonD I, 1977, “Application of graph theory to a location problem”, presented at the Joint National Meetings of the Operations Research Society/The Institute for Management Science, Atlanta, GA; copy obtainable from The Rutgers Center for Operations Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
26.
MoonD IChaudhryS S, 1984, “An analysis of location problems with distance constraints”Management Science30290–307
27.
MorellDMarjorianC, 1982Siting Hazardous Waste Facilities: Local Opposition and the Myth of Preemption (Ballinger, Cambridge, MA)
28.
MumphreyA JSeleyJ EWolpertJ, 1971, “A decision model for locating controversial facilities”Journal of the American Institute of Planners36397–402
29.
MumphreyA JWolpertJ, 1973, “Equity considerations and concessions in the siting of public facilities”Economic Geography49109–212
30.
O'HareM L, 1977, “Not on my block you don't-facilities siting and the strategic importance of compensation”, Laboratory of Architecture and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
31.
PerrowC, 1984Normal Accidents (Basic Books, New York)
32.
PopperF J, 1983, “LP/HC and LULU's: The political uses of risk analysis in land-use planning”Risk Analysis3255–263
SchwingRAlbersA, 1980Societal Risk Assessment: How Safe is Safe Enough (Plenum, New York)
35.
ShierD R, 1977, “A min-max theorem for p-center problems on a tree”Transportation Science11243–252
36.
ShillingD AReVelleC SCohonJ LElzingaD J, 1980, “Some models for fire protection locational decisions”European Journal of Operational Research51–7
37.
ShillingD AElzingaD JCohonJ LChurchRReVelleC S, 1979, “Some models for fire protection locational decisions”Transportation Science13163–175
38.
SlovicPFischhoffBLichtensteinS, 1979, “Rating the risks: The structure of expert and lay perceptions”Environment2114–20; 36–39
39.
SlovicPFischhoffBLichtensteinS, 1982, “Facts vs fears understanding perceived risk”, in Judgement Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases Eds KahnemanDSlovicPTverskyA (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge) pp 463–492
40.
SorensonJ HSoderstromJCarnesS A, 1984, “Sweet for the sour: Incentives in environmental mediation”Environmental Management8287–294
41.
WhiteA LRatickS, 1986, “Locating hazardous facilities: Toward a conceptual framework for evaluating space-dependent risk” RP1, The Center for Energy and Environmental Studies, Boston University, Boston, MA
42.
WilbanksT, 1986, “Scale and the acceptability of nuclear energy”, in Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology Eds PasqualettiM JPijawakaK D (Westview Press, Boulder, CO) pp 9–50
43.
WolpertJ, 1976, “Regressive siting of public facilities”Natural Resources Journal16103–115
