In this paper the growth management system in Montgomery County, Maryland, is reviewed and critiqued with the intent of finding generalizable lessons. An overview of the twenty-year-old system is followed by an analysis of its consequences and implications. The system fails to provide effective price signals, relying instead on proactive command and control policies from the county government. Moreover the system fails to raise sufficient revenue for new infrastructure. It is suggested that an alternative reactive approach, which links the threads of infrastructure financing and adequate public facilities by replacing quotas with a market-based approach of cost-based prices, would be more equitable, efficient, and effective in implementing county goals.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AltshulerAGomez-IbanezJ, 1993Regulating for Revenue: The Political Economy of Land Use Exactions (Brookings Institution, Washington, DC)
2.
BaldassareM, 1980The Growth Dilemma (University of California Press, Berkeley, CA)
3.
BaumanGEthierW, 1987, “Development exactions and impact fees: A survey of American practices”Law and Contemporary Problems50 (1) 51–68
4.
BollensS A, 1992, “State growth management: Intergovernmental frameworks and policy objectives”Journal of the American Planning Association58454–466
5.
BozungL J, 1983, “Transfer development rights: Compensation for owners of restricted property”Zoning and Planning Law Report66
6.
ChinitzB, 1990, “Growth management: Good for the town, bad for the nation”Journal of the American Planning Association56 (1) 3–8
7.
DaltonL, 1989, “The limits of regulation”Journal of the American Planning Association55151–168
8.
DowallD E, 1984The Suburban Squeeze (The University of California Press, Berekeley, CA)
9.
DownsA, 1992, “Growth management: Satan or Savior. 1: Regulatory barriers to affordable housing”Journal of the American Planning Association58419–422
10.
ElliottM, 1981, “The impact of growth control regulations on housing prices in California”American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association Journal9115–133
11.
FeitelsonE, 1993, “Land use regulation: A missing link in growth control evaluations”Journal of the American Planning Association59461–472
12.
FergusonE, 1990, “Transportation demand management: Planning, development, implementation”Journal of the American Planning Association56442–456
13.
FischelW A, 1990Do Growth Controls Matter? A Review of the Empirical Evidence on the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Local Government and Land RegulationThe Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, MA
14.
GaleD, 1992, “Eight state sponsored growth management programs: A comparative analysis”Journal of the American Planning Association autumn 58425–439
15.
GassS, 1985Linear Programming5th edition (McGraw Hill, New York)
16.
GodschalkD, 1992, “Growth management: Satan or Savior. 2: In defense of growth management”Journal of the American Planning Association58422–424
17.
HamblinM, 1991, “Montgomery County at the crossroads”Planning57 (6) 7–12
18.
HayekF A, 1989The Fatal Conceit (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL)
19.
HeathD CKregerGOrlinGRiesettM, 1988, “Traffic impact fees”, in Development Impact Fees Ed. NelsonA C, (APA Press, Chicago, IL) pp 188–203
20.
InnesJ, 1991, “Group processes and the social construction of growth management—Florida, Vermont, and New Jersey”Journal of the American Planning Association58440–453
21.
KatzLRosenK T, 1987, “The interjurisdictional effects of growth controls on housing prices”Journal of Law and Economics30149–160
22.
KellyE D, 1993Managing Community Growth: Policies, Techniques, and Impacts (Praeger, Westport, CO)
23.
LandisJ, 1992, “Do growth controls work? A new assessment”Journal of the American Planning Association58489–508
24.
LevinsonD M, 1996, “Accessibility and the journey to work”; copy available from the author
25.
LevinsonD MKumarA, 1994a, “Operational evidence of changing travel patterns: A case study”ITE Journal64(4) 36–40
26.
LevinsonD MKumarA, 1994b, “The rational locator: Why travel times have remained stable”Journal of the American Planning Association60319–331
27.
LevinsonD MKumarA, 1994c, “Integrating feedback into the transportation planning model: Structure and application”Transportation Research Record141370–77
28.
LevinsonD MKumarA, 1994d, “Specifying, estimating, and validating a new trip generation model for Montgomery County, MD”Transportation Research Record1413107–113
29.
LevinsonD MKumarA, 1995, “Multimodal trip distribution: Structure and application”Transportation Research Record1466124–131
30.
LevinsonD MKumarA, 1997, “Density and the journey to work”Growth and Change forthcoming
31.
LillydahlJ HSingellL D, 1987, “The effects of growth management on housing markets: A review of the theoretical and empirical evidence”Journal of Urban Affairs963–77
32.
MillerW C, 1991, “Legal decision in circuit court for Montgomery County appeal of Schneider v MNCPPC and Kettler Brother's v MNCPPC”; copy available from the author
33.
MCPD, 1963, “On wedges and corridors, a general plan for the Maryland-Washington regional district”, Montgomery County Park and Planning Department, 8787 Georgia Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910
34.
MCPD, 1973, “Montgomery County urban growth policy: People systems”
35.
MCPD, 1974a, “Directions for growth policy in Montgomery County”
36.
MCPD, 1974b, “Interim report of the advisory committee on county growth policy”
MCPD, 1994b, “FY95 annual growth policy final draft”
53.
MCPD, 1994c, “Adopted FY95 annual growth policy”
54.
NelsonA C, 1989Development Impact Fees (APA Press, Chicago, IL)
55.
NelsonA CDuncanJ B, 1995Growth Management Principles and Practices (APA Press, Chicago IL)
56.
OwolabiB OWinickR M, 1987, “Performing traffic impact reviews at different stages of the development review process”, in the 57th Compendium of Technical PapersInstitute of Transportation Engineers, 525 School Street, Suite 410, Washington, DC 20024
57.
PollakowskiH OWachterS M, 1990, “The effects of land use constraints on housing prices”Land Economics66315–324
58.
PopperF, 1988, “Understanding American land use regulation since 1970: A revisionist interpretation”Journal of the American Planning Association54291–301
59.
RoseJ B, 1984, “Farmland preservation policy and programs”Natural Resources Journal24591–640
60.
SavageJ, 1993, “LOS leaders”Planning59 (1) 16–20
61.
SayerAWalkerR, 1992The New Social Economy: Reworking the Division of Labor (Blackwell, Cambridge, MA)
62.
SchneiderD MGodschalkD RAxlerN, 1978, “The carrying capacity concept as planning tool”, Planning Advisory Service report 338 (American Planning Association, Chicago, IL)
63.
SchumpeterJ, 1942Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (Harper and Row, New York)
64.
SchwartzS IHansenDGreenR, 1981, “Suburban growth controls and the price of new housing”Journal of Environmental Economics and Management8303–320
65.
SheppardS, 1988, “The qualitative economics of development control”Journal of Urban Economics24310–330
66.
StopherP, 1993, “Financing urban rail projects: The case of Los Angeles”Transportation20229–250
67.
ThrallG I, 1987Land Use and Urban Form (Methuen, New York)
68.
WhiteM J, 1975, “The effects of zoning on the size of metropolitan areas”Journal of Urban Economics2279–290
69.
WickstromG VWinickR M, 1986, “Urban transportation system performance measures”, in the 56 th Compendium of Technical Papers, Institute of Transportation Engineers, 525 School Street, Suite 410, Washington, DC 20024
70.
WinickR M, 1985, “Balancing future development and transportation in a high growth area”, in the 55th Compendium of Technical PapersInstitute of Transportation Engineers, Washington, DC
71.
WinickR M, 1986, “Appropriate development limitations to reduce transportation impacts”, paper presented to the National Conference on Site Development and Transportation Impacts, Orlando, FL; copy available from the author
72.
WinickR M, 1988, “Measuring average level of service”, paper presented to the Montgomery County Council Transportation and Environment Committee; copy available from the author
73.
WinickR M, 1989, “Growth management: A fact that's hard to swallow”, paper presented to the National Conference on Site Development and Transportation Impacts, Orlando, FL; copy available from the Montgomery County Park and Planning Department, 8787 Georgia Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910
