There has been growing interest in the impact of land-use regulation and planning on housing development and markets, and a consequent search for quantified measures of their extent and efficacy. Nevertheless, despite the UK having a long-established and comprehensive planning system, this kind of quantitative analysis of system performance has been limited. This paper assembles and reports on a set of local-level measures for England for the late 2000s and assesses their effectiveness in predicting the key flow-of-consents measure and actual housing development. The pattern of restrictiveness is assessed against broad sustainability criteria including urban settlement structure, economic growth potential, and housing affordability and need. We also assess recent changes and the potential impact of a major system change towards more localised planning decision making.
AdamsDWatkinsC, 2002Greenfields, Brownfields and Housing Development (Blackwell, Oxford)
2.
AndrewMBramleyGLeishmanCWatkinsDWhiteM, 2009, “Sub-regional market modelling feasibility: Literature review”, unpublished report prepared for the National Housing and Planning Advice Unit, London
3.
AndrewMBramleyGLeishmanCWatkinsDWhiteM, 2010, “NHPAU sub-regional market modelling feasibility: Main report on model testing and feasibility”, unpublished report prepared for the National Housing and Planning Advice Unit and the Department of Communities and Local Government, London
4.
BallM, 2010, “Planning controls and housing supply: The impact of planning control processing times on housing supply in England”, research report for the National Housing and Planning Unit and the Department of Communities and Local Government, London
5.
BallMMeenGNygaardC, 2010, “Housing supply elasticities revisited: Evidence from international, national, local and company data”Journal of Housing Economics19255–268
6.
BarkerK, 2004Review of Housing Supply: Delivering Stability: Securing our Future Housing Needs. Final Report and Recommendations (The Stationery Office, London)
7.
BramleyG, 1998, “Measuring planning: Indicators of planning restraint and its impact on housing land supply”Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design2531–57
8.
BramleyG, 2007, “The sudden rediscovery of housing supply as a key policy issue”Housing Studies22221–242
9.
BramleyG, 2008, “Need and demand, supply and quality”, in The Future of Social Housing Eds FitzpatrickSStephensM (Shelter, London) pp 117–132
10.
BramleyG, 2012a, “Housing market models and planning”Town Planning Review Special Issue on Planning and Housing Markets849–35
11.
BramleyG, 2012b, “Localised planning, local sentiment and planning stances: Evidence and likely outcomes for housing in England”, paper presented at Policy and Politics 40th Anniversary Conference, Bristol, 18–19 September 2012
12.
BramleyGKirkK, 2005, “Does planning make a difference to urban form? Recent evidence from central Scotland”Environment and Planning A37355–378
13.
BramleyGLeishmanC, 2005, “Planning and housing supply in two-speed Britain: Modelling local market outcomes”Urban Studies422213–2244
14.
BramleyGBartlettWLambertC, 1995Planning, The Market and Private Housebuilding (UCL Press, London)
CalcuttJ, 2007Review of Housebuilding DeliveryDepartment for Communities and Local Government, London
17.
CheshirePSheppardS, 1997, “The welfare economics of land use regulation”, Research Papers in Environmental and Spatial Analysis 42, Department of Geography, London School of Economics
18.
CheshirePSheppardS, 2002, “The welfare economics of land use planning”Journal of Urban Economics52242–269
19.
CLG, 2007aHomes for the Future: More Affordable, More Sustainable Green Paper, Communities and Local Government, London
20.
CLG, 2007bStrategic Housing Market Analysis GuidanceCommunities and Local Government, London
CrookA J, 2010“Value of planning agreements” report for the Department of Communities and Local Government, London
23.
DCLG, 2012National Planning Policy FrameworkDepartment of Communities and Local Government, London
24.
DETR, Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions1998Planning for the Communities of the Future
25.
DETR, 1999Towards an Urban Renaissance final report of the Urban Task force under the chairmanship of Lord Rogers of Riverside (The Stationery Office, London)
GlaeserE LWardB A, 2009, “The causes and consequences of land use regulation: Evidence from Greater Boston”Journal of Urban Economics65265–278
28.
GlaeserEGyourkoJSaksR E, 2006, “Urban growth and housing supply”Journal of Economic Geography671–89
29.
GlaeserE LGyourkoJSaizA, 2008, “Housing supply and housing bubbles”Journal of Urban Economics64198–217
30.
GriffithM, 2011We Must Fix It: Delivering Reform of the Building Sector to Meet the UK's Housing and Economic Challenges (Institute for Public Policy Research, London)
31.
GurranNPhibbsPBramleyGGilbertCAustinT, 2012Quantifying Planning System Performance and Australia's Housing Reform Agenda: An Investigative Panel research report 191, Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute, ISBN: 978-1-922075-06-2
32.
GyourkoJSaizASummersA, 2008, “A new measure on the local regulatory environment for housing market: The Wharton Residential Land Use Regulation Index”Urban Studies45693–729
33.
HallPThomasHGraceyRDrewettR, 1973The Containment of Urban England (George Allen and Unwin, London)
34.
HilberCVermeulenW, 2010The Effects of Supply Constraints on Housing Costs: Empirical Evidence for England and Assessment of Policy Implications. Final Report to National Housing and Planning Advice Unit, Department for Communities and Local Government, London
35.
MalpezziS, 1996, “House prices, externalities and regulation in US metropolitan areas”Journal of Housing Research7209–241
36.
MayerCSomervilleT, 2000, “Land use regulation and new construction”Regional Science and Urban Economics30639–662
37.
MeenG, 2011, “A long run model of housing affordability”Housing Studies261081–1103
38.
MeenGAndrewMBallMGoodyJKasparovaDPryceGWhiteheadCWoodG, 2008Recent Developments in the Communities and Local Government Affordability ModelInternational Centre for Housing and Urban Economics, Department of Economics, University of Reading Business School, Reading
39.
NHPAU, 2008Meeting the Housing Requirements of an Aspiring, Growing and Prosperous Nation: Advice to the Housing Minister About the Housing Supply Range to be Tested by the Regional Planning Authorities (National Housing and Planning Advice Unit, Titchfield, Hants)
40.
OFT, 2008Homebuilding in the UK: A Market Study (Office for Fair Trading, London)
41.
QuigleyJRaphaelS, 2005, “Regulation and the high cost of housing in California”American Economic Review95323–328
42.
SaksR E, 2008, “Job creation and housing construction: Constraints on metropolitan area employment growth”Journal of Urban Economics64178–195
43.
StephensM, 2011Tackling Housing Market Volatility in the UK Final Report of Housing Market Taskforce (Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York)
44.
Tetlow King Planning, 2012Planning for Less Full Figures: Updated Research on the Impact of the Impending Revocation of Regional Strategies on Proposed and Adopted Local Housing Targets Across England. Research Report for Policy Exchange C:RSJT/JAS/M10/0612-05.RPT, http://www.tetlow-king.co.uk
45.
WhiteMAllmendingerP, 2003, “Land-use planning and the housing market: A comparative review of the UK and USA”Urban Studies40953–972
