This study examined the impact of “acculturation gaps” on family adjustment of 115 adolescent refugees from the former Soviet Union and their parents. Acculturation and acculturation gaps were assessed with respect to the American and Russian culture and separately for identity, behavioral, and language competence dimensions of acculturation. Acculturation gaps were operationalized in two different ways in analyses: Difference scores were computed between parent and adolescent acculturation levels and used to predict family conflict and disagreement, and moderated regression analyses examined the main effects and interactions of parent and adolescent acculturation variables in predicting family conflict and disagreement. Results suggest the importance of some gaps for family discord, not others. In particular, gaps in American identity, American behavior, and Russian language were associated with greater family discord. Results also suggest the relative advantages of using the moderated regression approach to assess the impact of the acculturation gap and using bidirectional and multidimensional acculturation measures in acculturation gap research.
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