Zahorik describes how university super visors observe and conference with stu dent teachers. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with ten university supervisors. Results re vealed that each supervisor had a pre ferred type of supervision. The supervi sion types are described by the author and the implications for teacher educa tion and for future research are dis cussed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Alvermann, D. (1981). The possible values of dissonance in student teaching experiencesJournal of Teacher Education , 32 (3), 24-25.
2.
Becher, R., & Ade, W. (1982). The relationship of field placement characteristics and students' potential field performance abilities to clinical experience performance ratingsJournal of Teacher Education , 33 (2), 24-30.
3.
Bowman, N. (1979). College supervision of student teaching: A time to reconsiderJournal of Teacher Education, 30 (3), 29-30.
4.
Dewey, J. (1904). The relation of theory to practice in education In C. A. McMurry (Ed.), The relation of theory to practice in the education of teachers (Third yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education) (pp. 9-30). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
5.
Dreeben, R. ( 1970). The nature of teachingGlenview, IL: Scott Foresman.
6.
Dutton, W. (1982). Attitude and anxiety change of elementary school student teachersJournal of Educational Research , 55, 380-382.
7.
Evertson, C., Hawley, W., & Zlotnik, M. (1984). The characteristics of effective teacher education preparation programs: A review of researchNashville, TN: Vanderbilt University, Peabody College.
8.
Fenstermacher, G., & Soltis, J. (1986). Approaches to teachingNew York: Teachers College Press.
9.
Friebus, R. (1977). Agents of socilization involved in student teachingJournal of Educational Research, 70, 263-268.
10.
Fuller, F., & Bown, O. (1975). Becoming a teacher In K. Ryan (Ed.), Teacher education (Seventy-fourth yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education) (pp. 25-52). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
11.
Garde, O. (1978). Reality shock: A problem among first year teachersClearinghouse, 51, 405-409.
12.
Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theoryChicago: Aldine.
13.
Glickman, C. (1981). Developmental supervision: Alternative practices for helping teachers improve instructionAlexandria, VA : Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development .
14.
Good, T. , & Grouws, D. (1975). Process-product relationships in fourth grade mathematics classroomsColumbia: University of Missouri.
15.
Griffin, G., Barnes, S., Hughes, R., O'Neil, S., Defino, M., Edwards, M., & Hukill, H. (1983). Clinical preservice teacher education: Final report of a descriptive studyAustin: University of Texas, R & D Center for Teacher Education.
16.
Hermanowicz, H. (1966). The pluralistic world of beginning teachers. In The real world of the beginning teacher. Report of the nineteenth national TEPS Conference (pp. 15-25). Washington, DC: NEA.
17.
Hunter, M. (1982). Mastery teachingEl Segunda, CA: TIP Publications.
18.
Joyce, B., Yarger, S., & Howey, K. (1977). Preservice teacher educationPalo Alto, CA: Center for Educational Research.
19.
Koehler, V. (1984 April). University supervision of student teachingPaper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans.
20.
Lanier, J., & Little, J. (1986). Research on teacher education In M. C. Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (3rd ed.) (pp. 527-569). New York: Macmillan.
21.
Lortie, D. (1975). School teacher: A sociological studyChicago: University of Chicago Press.
22.
Macdonald, J. (1966). A playful way of talking about teachingThe Bulletin of the National Association of Secondary School Principals , 50, 51-68.
23.
Mahlios, M. (1982). Effects of pair formation on the performance of student teachersAction in Teacher Education , 4, 65-69.
24.
May, W., & Zimpher, N. (1986). An examination of three theoretical perspectives on supervision: Perceptions of preservice field supervisionJournal of Curriculum and Supervision, 1, 83-99.
25.
Rosenshine, B. (1986). Teaching functions In M. C. Wittrock (Ed.) Handbook of research on teaching (3rd ed.) (pp. 376-391). New York: Macmillan .
26.
Ryan, K., Newman, K., Mager, G., Applegate, J., Lasley, T., Flora, R., & Johnston, J. (1980). Biting the apple: Accounts of first-year teachersNew York: Longman.
27.
Seperson, M., & Joyce, B. (1973). Teaching styles of student teachers as related to those of their cooperating teachersEducational Leadership , 31, 14G-151.
28.
Thies-Sprinthall, L., & Sprinthall, N. (1987). Preservice teachers as adult learners: A new framework for teacher education In M. Haberman and J. Backus (Eds.). Advances in teacher education: Vol. 3 (pp. 35-56). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
29.
Wilbur, P., & Gooding, C. (1977). Attitude change in student teachersCollege Student Journal, 11, 227-231.
30.
Zeichner, K. ( 1985 April). Content and contexts: Neglected elements in studies of student teaching as an occasion for learning to teachPaper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago.
31.
Zeichner, K., & Tabachnick, R. (1981). Are the effects of university teacher education washed out by school experience ?Journal of Teacher Education, 32 (3), 7-11.
32.
Zeichner, K., & Tabachnick, R. (1982). The belief system of university supervisors in an elementary student teaching programJournal of Education for Teaching, 8, 34-54.
33.
Zimpher, N., de Voss, G., & Nott, D. (1980). A closer look at university student teacher supervisionJournal of Teacher Education , 31 (4), 11-15.
34.
Zimpher, N., & Howey, K. (1987). Adapting supervisory practices to different orientations of teaching competenceJournal of Curriculum and Supervision , 2, 101-127.
