Effects of Carbon Tetrachloride on Perfused Cultures of Hepatic and Neuronal Cells

Cultured hepatocytes and hemisphere neurons from chick embryos and mouse neuroblastoma cells were exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CC1₄; 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4mM) for 1 hour, using a perfusion system developed for studying the effects of volatile substances. In the perfused cultures, three parameters were compared: lipid peroxidation, membrane integrity and cellular respiration. In addition, cytochrome C oxidase activity was determined after incubation of cell homogenates with CC1₄. A concentration-dependent increase in lipid peroxidation and membrane permeability was found in the neuroblastoma cells. The hepatocytes responded to a lesser extent with respect to membrane permeability and their lipid peroxidation did not differ from that of controls. The hepatocytes responded with a 35% decrease in respiration when exposed to 3mM CC1₄, and a 20% decrease in cytochrome C oxidase activity after treatment with 1.5mM CCl₄. In the neuronal cells, much smaller decreases in respiration were found and their cytochrome C oxidase activity remained unaffected. These results are very similar to those obtained after incubation in a closed chamber system. However, the perfused cells were found to be less sensitive to CCl₄ than cells exposed under static conditions.