ETIOLOGY AND INCIDENCE OF MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PÉCS BETWEEN 2011 AND 2015

The incidence of maxillofacial trauma varies widely between different countries and regions due to a variety of contributing factors, including environmental, cultural and social factors.

Aim: To investigate the etiology and incidence of maxillofacial injuries in all patients treated at the University of Pécs, Faculty of Dentistry between 2011 and 2015. The study included data on gender and age distribution of patients, as well as the cause, localisation and therapy of maxillofacial fractures.

Methods: Patient data were analyzed using the MedSol patient register system used at the University Clinics of Pécs during this 5-year period. Classification of data was performed using ICD-10 codes (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) classified by WHO.

Results: The study population of 509 consisted of 389 (76%) male and 120 (24%) female patients. The age group 20-29 years accounted for the largest subgroup. The most common cause of fractures was violence, followed by fall accidents. A total of 705 maxillofacial fractures were treated, 457 (65%) related to the upper 2/3 of the face, while 248 (35%) related to the mandible. The main fracture site of the face was the zygomatic bone (184, 40%) and corpus (body) (71, 29%) of the mandible. Related to therapy, 121 patients with mandible fractures were treated surgically (61%), while 180 maxillofacial injuries received conservative treatment (52%).

Conclusion: Number of patients treated with maxillofacial injuries at the University of Pécs has increased since 2012 with a peak value in 2014. Numbers of violence and fall related injuries significantly increased whereas other causes remained consistent.