Preparation and characterization of chitosan and Aloe vera blends by co-precipitation for potential biomedical applications

Blends of chitosan and Aloe vera exudate in ratios of 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 were prepared from aqueous solutions using the co-precipitation technique. This method offers notable advantages including simplicity, rapid processing, and efficient separation of interacting phases from non-associated components, resulting in products with greater purity and compositional control. Samples and precursors were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis (TG/DTG), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), swelling degree, antioxidant activity, and cell viability assay. The analyses indicated interactions between the biomaterials within the blend. Additionally, the biomaterials were found to be non-toxic, and the addition of Aloe vera exudate enhanced fibroblast cell viability. These findings underscore the significant potential of these biocompatible, antioxidant-rich blends, sustainably produced from renewable resources for a wide range of biotechnology applications.