This study investigates the relationship between start-up ecosystem (SE) and start-up performance (SP) in two distinct environments. It analyses SE as a critical antecedent of SP by considering the underlying effects of network learning capability (NLC). We test the hypothesized relationships by a study of 221 start-ups in Colombia and 203 start-ups in Australia and validate the theoretical model using survey information. We apply a structural equation modelling partial least squares structural equation modelling and multi-group approaches. The results verify the positive influence of SE on SP independently of NLC development. Nevertheless, network learning as a capability acts as a moderator by establishing the impact of the SE on SP. The moderating is determined by a strong NLC linking the SE's government, financial and organisational support. The findings contribute to the literature on entrepreneurship and innovation with relevant management implications by providing new evidence regarding the benefits of SE in terms of SP effectiveness.
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