The article analyses when and how different management paradigms have been adopted for teaching, in the subject of organization and management, by examining the curricula and study guides of the eight main business schools in Finland.The data was analysed in three ways: (1) the analysis of all the reading lists in curricula and study guides, (2) the analyses of subject descriptions in the study guides and (3) the analysis of individual course descriptions in the study guides. Theoretically, the study draws on the literature on German-style and American-style business schools, and on the literature on management paradigms and their dissemination. Our findings indicate that there are differences in the adoption of different management paradigms in management education in German-style and American-style business schools in Finland. For example, between 1980 and 1995, the most commonly used paradigm in teaching in German-style schools was the human relations paradigm, while in American-style schools the most popular paradigm was structural analysis.The results suggest that different traditions in arranging higher management education may have an impact on the content of teaching.This provides an interesting point of departure for investigating the contents of management education in other countries, too.
Åbo Akademi University2007. Åbo Akademi University Facts 2007. Turku: Åbo Akademi University [Online] www.abo.fi/public/en/media/3880/faktakortet_2007_eng_liten.pdf
2.
Abrahamson, E.1996. Management Fashion. Academy of Management Review21: 254-285.
3.
Abrahamson, E.1997. The emergence and prevalence of employee management rhetorics: The effects of long waves, labor unions, and turnover, 1875 to 1992. The Academy of Management Journal40: 491-533.
4.
Alvesson, M., and P.E. Berg.1988. Företagskultur och organisationssymbolism. Utveckling, teoretiska perspektiv och aktuell debatt. Lund: Studentlitteratur.
5.
Amdam, R.P.1996. Introduction. In Management, education and competitiveness: Europe, Japan and the United States, ed. R.P. Amdam, 1-16. London: Routledge.
6.
Amdam, R.P., R. Kvålshaugen, and E. Larsen.2003. The power of content revisited. In Inside the business schools: The content of European business education , ed. R.P. Amdam, R. Kvålshaugen and E. Larsen11-26. Oslo: Abstrakt forlag AS.
7.
Barley, S.R., and G. Kunda.1992. Design and devotion: surges of rational and normative ideologies of control in managerial discourse. Administrative Science Quarterly37: 363-399.
8.
Birkinshaw, J., G. Hamel, and M.J. Mol.2008. Management innovation. Academy of Management Review33: 825-845.
9.
Brown, R.B., S. McCartney and J. Clowes.1996. Do they mean business?: An investigation of the purpose of the ‘new university’ business schools in Britain. In Management, education and competitiveness: Europe, Japan and the United States , ed. R.P. Amdam, 150-170. London : Routledge.
10.
Chandler, A.1962. Strategy and structure: Chapters in the history of industrial enterprise. New York: Doubleday .
11.
Deal, T.E., and A.A. Kennedy.1982. Corporate cultures: The rites and rituals of corporate life. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
12.
Dill, D.D.1999. Student learning and academic choice: the rule of coherence . In What kind of university?: International perspectives on knowledge, participation and governance, ed. J. Brennan, J. Fedrowitz , M.T. Huber and T. Shah, 56-70. Buckingham: Open University Press.
13.
Drucker, P.F.1954. The practice of management. New York : Harper and Row.
Engwall, L.2000. Foreign role models and standardization in Nordic business education. Scandinavian Journal of Management16: 1-24.
16.
Engwall, L.2004. The Americanization of Nordic management education . Journal of Management Enquiry13: 109-117.
17.
Engwall, L.2007. The anatomy of management education. Scandinavian Journal of Management23: 4-35.
18.
Etzioni, A.1964. Modern organisations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
19.
Fellman, S.2000. Uppkomsten av en direktörsprofession. Industriledarnas utbildning och karriär i Finland 1900-1975. Helsinki : Finska Vetenskaps-Societeten.
20.
Fellman, S.2003. The role of internal labour markets and social networks in the recruitment of top managers in Finnish manufacturing firms, 1900-1975 . Business History45: 1-21.
21.
Gillespie, R.1991. Manufacturing knowledge: A history of the Hawthorne experiments . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
22.
Guillén, M.F.1994. Models of management: Work, authority, and organization in a comparative perspective. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
23.
Gupta, V., G. Gollakota, and A. Sreekumar.2005. Quality in business education: A study of the Indian context. In Business and management education in transitioning and developing countries. A Handbook, ed. J.R. McIntyre and I. Alon, 3-21. London: M. E. Sharpe.
24.
Helsinki School of Economics. 2007. Annual report 2006. Helsinki: Helsinki School of Economics.
25.
Huhtala, H., and A. Laakso.2006. Kirjallisuuskatsaus johtamisen rakenneanalyyttiseen paradigmaan. Hallinnon tutkimus25: 4-18.
26.
Huhtala, H., and A. Laakso.2007. Kirjallisuuskatsaus organisaatiokulttuureihin: Mitä ne ovat ja miten niistä on keskusteltu suomalaisissa tieteellisissä journaaleissa? Hallinnon tutkimus26: 13-32.
27.
Kanter, R.M.1988. When a thousand flowers bloom: Structural, collective and social conditions for innovation in organizations. In Research in Organizational Behavior, ed. B.M. Straw and L.L. Cummings 10: 123-167.
28.
Kantola, A.2006. Transforming political imaginaries: The use of competitiveness. Working paper 3/2006. Helsinki: University of Helsinki, Department of Communication.
29.
Karjalainen, A.2003. Tutkintorakenneuudistus ja opetuksen kehittäminen . Peda-forum1/03: 6-10.
30.
Kettunen, P.1994. Suojelu, suoritus, subjekti: Työsuojelu teollistuvan Suomen yhteiskunnallisissa ajattelu- ja toimintatavoissa. Helsinki: Suomen Historiallinen Seura.
31.
Kettunen, P.2001. Kansallinen työ: Suomalaisen suorituskyvyn vaalimisesta . Helsinki: Yliopistopai no.
Lampinen, O.2003. Suomalaisen korkeakoulutuksen uudistaminen: Reformeja ja innovaatioita. Publication series of the Finnish Ministry of Education25. Helsinki: Ministry of Education.
Lilja, K.1987. Henkilöstöhallinnon ammattikäytännön kehityspiirteitä Suomessa. Hallinnon tutkimus6: 185-194.
36.
Lilja, K.2001. Organisaatiot ja johtaminen - aineen juuret. Liiketaloudellinen aikakauskirja50 [Online] lta.hse.fi/2001/1/lta_2001_01_d7.pdf
37.
Littler, C.R.1982. The development of the labour process in capitalist societies . London: Heineman Educational Books .
38.
Locke, R.1988. Educational traditions and the development of business studies after 1945 (An Anglo-French-German comparison). Business History30: 84-103.
39.
Locke, R.1994. Management and higher education since 1940. In Management studies in an academic context, ed. L. Engwall and E. Gunnarsson , 155-166. Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Studia Oeaconomiae Negotiorum.
40.
Luoto, L., and M. Lappalainen.2006. Opetussuunnitelmaprosessit yliopistoissa. Korkeakoulujen arviointineuvoston julkaisuja 10. Tampere : Korkeakoulujen arviointineuvosto.
41.
McLean, L.D.2005. Organizational culture`s influence on creativity and innovation: A review of the literature and implications for human resource development . Advances in Developing Human Resources7: 226-246.
42.
Mäkinen, V., and J. Näsi.1985. Yrityksen taloustieteet Tampereen yliopistossa . Yrityksen taloustieteen ja yksityisoikeuden laitoksen julkaisuja9. Tampere: Tampereen yliopisto.
43.
Mayo, E.1933[2003]. The human problems of an industrial civilization . London: Routledge.
44.
Michelsen, K.1999. Viides Sääty. Insinöörit suomalaisessa yhteiskunnassa. Helsinki: TEK & SHS.
45.
Michelsen, K.2001a. Työ, tuottavuus, tehokkuus: Rationalisointi suomalaisessa yhteiskunnassa. Helsinki: Rationalisoinnin seniorikilta ry.
46.
Michelsen, K.2001b. Vuosisadan tilinpäätös: Helsingin kauppakorkeakoulu 1911-2001. Helsinki: Helsingin kauppakorkeakoulu .
47.
Ministry of Education.2007. Lisää liiketoimintaosaamista korkeakouluista: Liiketoimintaosaamisen selvitysryhmän raportti. Opetusministeriön työryhmämuistioita ja selvityksiä38.
48.
Morgan, G.1997. Images of organization. London : SAGE.
49.
Nurmi, K.E.1984. Koulutusohjelman opetussuunnitelman laatiminen . In Korkeakouluopetuksen teoriaa ja käytäntöä , ed. T. Ikonen, J. Jussila and K.E. Niemi, 170-202. Helsinki : Opetusministeriö.
50.
Perälä, T.1975. Turun kauppakorkeakoulu 1950-1975. Turku: Turun kauppakorkeakoulu.
51.
Pieper, R.1994. Division and unification of German business administration and management education. In Management studies in an academic context, ed. L. Engwall and E. Gunnarsson, 116-137. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Studia Oeaconomiae Negotiorum.
52.
Porter, M.1980. Competitive strategy. New York : Free Press.
53.
Prahalad, C.K., and G. Hamel.1990. The core competence of the corporation . Harvard Business Review68(3): 79-91.
54.
Roethlisberger, F.J., and W.J. Dickson.1939[1950]. Management and the worker: An account of a research program conducted by the Western Electric Company, Hawthorne Works, Chicago. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
55.
Schein, E.H.1987. Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
56.
Schein, E.2001. Defining Organizational Culture. In Classics of organization theory, ed. J M. Shafritz and J.S. Ott.Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
57.
Seeck, H.2008. Johtamisopit Suomessa: Taylorismista innovaatioteorioihin (Management paradigms in Finland: From taylorism to theories of innovation) . Helsinki: Gaudeamus.
58.
Seeck, H., and O. Eräkivi .2007. Rationaalista vai normatiivista ideologiaa?: Johtamisoppien käyttö vuosikatsauspuheessa Suomen metsä- ja metalliteollisuudessa 1980-2005. Hallinnon tutkimus27(2): 15-37.
59.
Seeck, H., and A. Kuokkanen.2007. Ihmissuhdekoulukunta - synty, sisältö ja perintö. Työelämän tutkimus5(2): 118-137.
60.
Seeck, H., and A. Kuokkanen.2008. The manifestation of management paradigms in Finnish journals and literature between 1921 and 2006. Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, Anaheim, California, 8-13 August.
61.
Silverman, D.2006. Interpreting qualitative data (3rd edn). London: SAGE.
62.
Smircich, L.1983. Concepts of culture and organizational analysis . Administrative Science Quarterly28: 339-358.
63.
Sturdy, A., and Y. Gabriel.2000. Missionaries, mercenaries or car salesmen?: MBA teaching in Malaysia. Journal of Management Studies37: 979-1002.
64.
Svetlicic, M., and A. Cibron.1996. Management education in a country in transition: The case of Slovenia. In Management, education and competitiveness. Europe, Japan and the United States, ed. R.P. Amdam, 111-130. London: Routledge.
65.
Swedish School of Economics.2007. SSEH annual report 2006. Helsinki: Swedish School of Economics.
66.
Taylor, F.W.1911[1967]. The principles of scientific management . New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers.
67.
Thrift, N.2005. Knowing capitalism. London: SAGE.
68.
Tuomisto, J.1986. Teollisuuden koulutustehtävien kehittyminen: tutkimus teollisuustyönantajien koulutustoiminnan ja kvalifikaatiointressien kehityksestä Suomessa. Tampere: Tampereen yliopisto .
69.
Üsdiken, B.2007. Commentary: Management education between logics and locations . Scandinavian Journal of Management23: 84-94.
70.
West, M.A., and J.K. Farr.1990. Innovation at work. In Innovation and creativity at work: Psychological and organizational strategies , ed. M.A. West and J.K. Farr, 309-334. Chichester: Wiley.
71.
Whitley, R.1994. Formal knowledge and management education. In Management studies in an academic context, ed. L. Engwall and E. Gunnarsson , 167-190. Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Studia Oeaconomiae Negotiorum.
72.
Wilson, J.F.1996. Management education in Britain: A compromise between culture and necessity. In Management, education and competitiveness: Europe, Japan and the United States, ed. R.P. Amdam, 133-149. London: Routledge.
73.
Wren, D.A.2005. The history of management thought. Hoboken: Wiley.
