Gear transmission error outside the normal path of contact due to corner and top contact

Abstract

This paper is devoted to a phenomenon known as corner contact, or contact outside the normal path of contact, which can occur in spur and helical gear transmission systems under certain conditions. In this case, a change in position of the driven gear with respect to its theoretical position takes place, thus inducing a transmission error referred to here as the transmission error outside the normal path of contact (TE_o.p.c).

The paper deals with spur gears only, but the results are directly applicable to helical gears. It systematizes previous knowledge on this subject, suggests some further developments of the theory and introduces the novel phenomenon of top contact. The theoretical results are compared with experimental measurements using a single flank tester and a back-to-back dynamic test rig for spur and helical gears, and they are in good agreement.

Convenient approximate equations for calculation of TE_o.p.c suggested here are important for analysis of experimental data collected in the form of Harris maps. This will make possible the calculation of tooth stiffness values needed for use in theoretical models for spur and helical gear transmission systems.

Keywords

gear transmission error path of contact corner contact top contact

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Walker

Gear tooth deflection and profile modification. The Engineer, October 1938, 410 and 435; August 1940, 102.

Harris

S. L.

Dynamic loads on the teeth of spur gears. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, 1958, 172, 87–112.

Munro

R. G.

The dynamic behaviour of spur gears. PhD thesis, Cambridge University, 1962.

Gregory

R. W.

Harris

S. L.

Munro

R. G.

Dynamic behaviour of spur gears. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, 1963, 178, 207–226.

Niemann

Baethge

Drehwegfehler, Zahnfederharte und Gerausch bei Stirnraden. VDI-Z, 1970, 112, 205–276 and 495–499.

Munro

R. G.

Yildirim

Hall

D. M.

Optimum profile relief and transmission error in spur gears. In Proceedings of IMechE Conference on Gearbox Noise and Vibration, 1990, paper C404/032, pp. 35–41 (Mechanical Engineering Publications, London).

Yildirim

Theoretical and experimental research in high contact ratio spur gearing. PhD thesis, Huddersfield University, 1994.

Munro

R. G.

Yildirim

Some measurements of static and dynamic transmission errors of spur gears. In Proceedings of International Gearing Conference, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1994, pp. 371–376.

Rosinski

Hofmann

D. A.

Pennell

J. A.

Dynamic transmission error measurements in the time domain in high speed gears. In Proceedings of International Gearing Conference, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1994, pp. 363–370.

10.

Palmer

Munro

R. G.

Measurements of transmission error, vibration and noise in spur gears. In Proceedings of British Gear Association Technical Congress, 2 November 1995.

11.

Richardson

H. H.

Static and dynamic load, stress, and deflection cycles in spur gear systems. ScD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1958.

12.

Seager

D. L.

Separation of gear teeth in approach and recess, and the likelihood of corner contact. In Proceedings of 30th Annual Meeting of American Society of Lubrication Engineers, May 1975.

13.

Lin

H. H.

Wang

Oswald

F. B.

Coy

J. J.

Effect of extended tooth contact on the modeling of spur gear transmissions. Gear Technology, July/August 1994, 18–25.