On Criterion-Referenced Grading Models

This article presents two criterion-referenced grading models developed in Germany, and shows how they can be applied in the classroom setting. The models are a binomial grading model (Lindner, 1980 ) and an arcsine grading model (Klauer, 1982 ). In both cases, one can assign grades on the basis of a criterion-referenced test with a systematic control of the possible errors of misclassification.