Fatal Pulmonary Embolism in a Patient with Thromboembolism of the Internal Jugular Vein after Liver Transplant

A patient with acute liver failure and thromboembolism of the internal jugular vein subsequently had a massive pulmonary embolism and died 25 days after orthotopic liver transplant. The primary cause of death was massive pulmonary embolus. This case report highlights the need for clinicians to be aware that fatal embolic events can occur in liver transplant recipients, even when routine prophylactic procedures are implemented. The benefits and risks of invasive strategies, including placement of superior vena cava filters, should be considered on a case-by-case basis.