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Margaret Atack's work offers a clear insight into the enduring paradoxes of the Occupation and its aftermath. She suggests that novels of Unity written during the Occupation were followed by novels of Ambiguity which reflected the social and moral confusions that haunted France through the post-war period. This is confirmed by the main cultural movements of the 1940s, which struggled to articulate a national spirit that could manage the polarisations of the Occupation. The complex legacy of ambiguities is exemplified by the Catholic personalist movement around Emmanuel Mounier and the review Esprit, whose itinerary is examined from its foundation in 1932. The period of publication under the Vichy Regime in particular posed painful dilemmas which left a legacy of ambiguities when Esprit emerged as a leading literary and philosophical review in the post-war period. The review's trajectory suggests that ambiguity may be the price to be paid for national unity and that unity is always provisional.

26:T461,

This article examines the wartime writing of French resister and historian Edith Thomas. It argues that Thomas's collection of fictional clandestine short stories, Contes d’Auxois (1943), provides an early social history of the French Resistance. It interprets such wartime writing as offering contemporary insights into women's contributions to the Resistance, key aspects of which would be taken up by later generations of historians. The article then examines how Thomas's personal experiences of the Resistance impacted her post-war work as a social and cultural historian. It reads her choice to write women back into history as one inflected by her resistance activism. The article ends by reading Thomas's Les Pétroleuses (1963) as a collective feminist biography that creates transhistorical connections between the ‘incendiary women’ of the Paris Commune and women's wartime resistance. In so doing, Thomas coopts the maligned women communards of 1870 to a Republican tradition of popular revolt in an act of feminist recuperation and celebration across centuries.

27:T468,

This article situates Margaret's early doctoral research, resulting in the seminal study ‘Literature and the French Resistance: Cultural Politics and narrative forms, 1940–1950’, within the 1970s/1980s context of Resistance historical scholarship in which she was working, a scholarship dominated by the Comité d’Histoire de la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale (the predecessor, 1951–1979, of the Institut d’Histoire du Temps Présent). The conception, methodology and gendered ownership of the Resistance historiography established by th