In this article, the authors examine the role of person brands in shaping emergent markets. Using ethnographic and archival data from the early online news market, they find that person brands use their social, cultural, and symbolic capital to create a unique organizational identity, establish a founding myth, and mobilize resonance with early followers. These organizational assets are carried forward in the emergent market to build cultural-cognitive, normative, and pragmatic legitimacy in a context where these factors are yet to be established. While prior research in marketing has investigated the market-driving effects of firms, consumers, and intermediaries, the findings yield insight into the role of specific people—person brands as institutional entrepreneurs—in driving emergent markets. These findings inform managers and other stakeholders in emergent markets as to how to strategically manage the organizational identity, founding myths, and audience resonance built by person brands in order to carry these assets forward as the market further develops.
AnandNarasimhanWatsonMary R. (2004), “Tournament Rituals in the Evolution of Fields: The Case of the Grammy Awards,” Academy of Management Journal, 47 (1), 59–80.
BarlettDonald L.SteeleJames B. (2004), Howard Hughes: His Life and Madness. W.W. Norton & Company.
12.
BattilanaJulieLecaBernardBoxenbaumEva (2009), “How Actors Change Institutions: Towards a Theory of Institutional Entrepreneurship,” Academy of Management Annals, 3 (1), 65–107.
13.
BaymNancy K. (2015), “Connect with Your Audience! The Relational Labor of Connection,” Communication Review, 18 (1), 14–22.
14.
BeckerHoward S. (1963), Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. The Free Press.
15.
BeichertMaximilianBayerlAndreasGoldenbergJacobLanzAndreas (2024), “Revenue Generation Through Influencer Marketing,” Journal of Marketing, 88 (4), 40–63.
16.
BergerPeter L.LuckmannThomas (1966), The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. Anchor Books.
17.
BitektineAlex (2011), “Toward a Theory of Social Judgments of Organizations: The Case of Legitimacy, Reputation, and Status,” Academy of Management Review, 36 (1), 151–79.
18.
BogaertsJoCarpentierNico (2013), Rethinking Journalism: Trust and Participation in a Transformed News Landscape. Routledge.
19.
BorchersCallum (2013), “Huffington Post to Ban Anonymous Commenting,” Boston Globe (August 22),B5.
20.
BothnerMatthew S.PodolnyJoel M.SmithEdward B. (2011), “Organizing Contests for Status: The Matthew Effect vs. the Mark Effect,” Management Science, 57 (3), 439–57.
21.
BourdieuPierre (1986), “The Forms of Capital,” in Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, RichardsonJohn G., ed. Greenwood Press, 241–58.
22.
BourdieuPierre (1993), The Field of Cultural Production. Columbia University Press.
23.
BourdieuPierreWacquantLoïc (1992), An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology. University of Chicago Press.
24.
BourdieuPierreWacquantLoïc (2013), “Symbolic Capital and Social Classes,” Journal of Classical Sociology, 13 (2), 292–302.
25.
BowermanMary (2017), “Arianna Huffington OK with ‘HuffPost’ Name Change, Rebrand,” USA Today (April 25).
26.
BransonRichard (2014), The Virgin Way: If It’s Not Fun, It's Not Worth Doing. Portfolio/Penguin.
27.
BreitbartAndrew (2011), Righteous Indignation: Excuse Me While I Save the World. Grand Central Publishing.
BrooksGillianDrentenJennaPiskorskiMikolaj (2021), “Influencer Celebrification: How Social Media Influencers Acquire Celebrity Capital,” Journal of Advertising, 50 (5), 528–47.
30.
BuffettWarren (2009), Warren Buffett on Business: Principles from the Sage of Omaha. John Wiley & Sons.
31.
ByronChristopher (2002), Martha Inc.: The Incredible Story of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia. John Wiley & Sons.
32.
Campbell-KellyMartin (2001), “Not Only Microsoft: The Maturing of the Personal Computer Software Industry, 1982–1995,” Business History Review, 75 (1), 103–45.
33.
CaylaJulienBhatnagarKushagraNanarpuzhaRajeshDeySayantan (2025), “From Social Feeds to Market Fields: How Influencer Stories Drive Market Innovation,” International Journal of Research in Marketing, 42 (4), 1246–63.
34.
CherubiniFedericaNielsenRasmus Kleis (2016), “Editorial Analytics: How News Media Are Developing and Using Audience Data and Metrics,” Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, 10.2139/ssrn.2739328.
CohanWilliam D. (2016), “How Arianna Huffington Lost Her Newsroom,” Vanity Fair (September 7), https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2016/09/how-arianna-huffington-lost-her-newsroom.
38.
CorbinJuliet M.StraussAnselm (1990), “Grounded Theory Research: Procedures, Canons, and Evaluative Criteria,” Qualitative Sociology, 13 (1), 3–21.
39.
Coskuner-BalliGokcen (2020), “Citizen-Consumers Wanted: Revitalizing the American Dream in the Face of Economic Recessions, 1981–2012,” Journal of Consumer Research, 47 (3), 327–49.
40.
CringelyRobert X. (1996a), Accidental Empires: How the Boys of Silicon Valley Make Their Millions, Battle Foreign Competition, and Still Can’t Get a Date. Harper Business.
41.
CringelyRobert X. (1996b), “Triumph of the Nerds: The Rise of Accidental Empires,” television documentary (aired June 12), https://www.pbs.org/nerds/.
42.
DeuzeMark (2005), “What Is Journalism? Professional Identity and Ideology of Journalists Reconsidered,” Journalism, 6 (4), 442–64.
43.
DiMaggioPaul (1988), “Interest and Agency in Institutional Theory,” in Institutional Patterns and Organizations: Culture and Environment, ZuckerLynne G., ed. Ballinger, 3–22.
44.
DiMaggioPaul J. (1991), “Constructing an Organizational Field as a Professional Project: The Case of U.S. Art Museums, 1920–1940,” in The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis, PowellWalter W.DiMaggioPaul J., eds. University of Chicago Press, 267–92.
DolbecPierre-YannArselZeynepAboelenienAya (2022), “A Practice Perspective on Market Evolution: How Craft and Commercial Coffee Firms Expand Practices and Develop Markets,” Journal of Marketing, 86 (6), 50–69.
47.
DolbecPierre-YannFischerEileen (2015), “Refashioning a Field? Connected Consumers and Institutional Dynamics in Markets,” Journal of Consumer Research, 41 (6), 1447–68.
48.
DowlingJohnPfefferJeffrey (1975), “Organizational Legitimacy: Social Values and Organizational Behavior,” Pacific Sociological Review, 18 (1), 122–36.
49.
DowneyLynn (2016), Levi Strauss: The Man Who Gave Blue Jeans to the World. University of Massachusetts Press.
50.
DrudgeMatt (2000), The Drudge Manifesto. New American Library.
51.
DurandRodolphePaolellaLionel (2013), “Category Stretching: Reorienting Research on Categories in Strategy, Entrepreneurship, and Organization Theory,” Journal of Management Studies, 50 (6), 1100–1123.
52.
DyerRichard (1979), Heavenly Bodies: Film Stars and Society. Routledge.
53.
EisenhardtKathleen (1989), “Building Theories from Case Study Research,” Academy of Management Review, 14 (4), 532–50.
54.
EisenhardtKathleen (2021), “What Is the Eisenhardt Method, Really?” Strategic Organization, 19 (1), 147–60.
55.
ErtimurBurçakCoskuner-BalliGokcen (2015), “Navigating the Institutional Logics of Markets: Implications for Strategic Brand Management,” Journal of Marketing, 79 (2), 40–61.
56.
FlemingCharlesMasunagaSamantha (2016), “Elon Musk Says Tesla Model 3 Pre-Orders Hit 180,000, but Can He Deliver?” Los Angeles Times (April 1), https://lat.ms/4fxSFDb.
57.
FligsteinNeil (1997), “Social Skill and Institutional Theory,” American Behavioral Scientist, 40 (4), 397–405.
58.
FligsteinNeilMcAdamDoug (2012), A Theory of Fields. Oxford University Press.
59.
FourcadeMarionHealyKieran (2017), “Seeing Like a Market,” Socio-Economic Review, 15 (1), 9–29.
60.
FourcadeMarionHealyKieran (2024), The Ordinal Society. Harvard University Press.
61.
FournierSusanEckhardtGiana M. (2019), “Putting the Person Back in Person-Brands: Understanding and Managing the Two-Bodied Brand,” Journal of Marketing Research, 56 (4), 602–19.
62.
FraterrigoElizabeth (2009), Playboy and the Making of the Good Life in Modern America. Oxford University Press.
63.
FreemanJohnCarrollGlenn R.HannanMichael T. (1983), “The Liability of Newness: Age Dependence in Organizational Death Rates,” American Sociological Review, 48 (5), 692–710.
64.
Gainesville Sun (2011), “AOL Buying Huffington Post for $315M,” (February7).
65.
GamsonJoshua (1994), Claims to Fame: Celebrity in Contemporary America. University of California Press.
66.
GamsonWilliam A.ModiglianiAndre (1989), “Media Discourse and Public Opinion on Nuclear Power: A Constructionist Approach,” American Journal of Sociology, 95 (1), 1–37.
67.
GarelickRhonda K. (2014), Mademoiselle: Coco Chanel and the Pulse of History. Random House.
68.
GarudRaghuJainSanjayKumaraswamyArun (2002), “Institutional Entrepreneurship in the Sponsorship of Common Technological Standards: The Case of Sun Microsystems and Java,” Academy of Management Journal, 45 (1), 196–214.
69.
GatignonHubertXuerebJean-Marc (1997), “Strategic Orientation of the Firm and New Product Performance,” Journal of Marketing Research, 34 (1), 77–90.
70.
GebhardtGary F.CarpenterGregory S.SherryJohn F.Jr. (2006), “Creating a Market Orientation: A Longitudinal, Multifirm, Grounded Analysis of Cultural Transformation,” Journal of Marketing, 70 (4), 37–55.
71.
GieslerMarkusThompsonCraig J. (2016), “A Tutorial in Consumer Research: Process Theorization in Cultural Consumer Research,” Journal of Consumer Research, 43 (4), 497–508.
72.
GlynnMary AnnNavisChad (2013), “Categories, Identities, and Cultural Classification: Moving Beyond a Model of Categorical Constraint,” Journal of Management Studies, 50 (6), 1124–37.
73.
GouldingAnne (2008), “Libraries and Cultural Capital,” Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 40 (4), 235–23.
74.
GreenJoshua (2015), “This Man Is the Most Dangerous Political Operative in America,” Bloomberg Businessweek (October 8), https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/graphics/2015-steve-bannon/.
75.
GreenwoodRoystonSuddabyRoy (2006), “Institutional Entrepreneurship in Mature Fields: The Big Five Accounting Firms,” Academy of Management Journal, 49 (1), 27–48.
76.
GrodalStineGotsopoulosAleksiosSuarezFernando F. (2015), “The Co-Evolution of Technologies and Categories During Industry Emergence,” Academy of Management Review, 40 (3), 423–45.
77.
GuyKolleen M. (1997), “Drowning Her Sorrows: Widowhood and Entrepreneurship in the Champagne Industry,” Business and Economic History, 26 (2), 505–14.
78.
HaganJoe (2005), “Bloggorhea,” New York Observer (April 11),1.
79.
HageyKeach (2025), The Optimist: Sam Altman, OpenAI, and the Race to Invent the Future. W.W. Norton & Company.
80.
HagstromRichard, G. (2024), The Warren Buffett Way. John Wiley & Sons.
81.
HannanMichael T.FreemanJohn (1977), “The Population Ecology of Organizations,” American Journal of Sociology, 82 (5), 929–64.
82.
HaoKaren (2025), Empire of AI: Dreams and Nightmares in Sam Altman's OpenAI. Penguin Random House.
83.
HardyCynthiaMaguireSteve (2017), “Institutional Entrepreneurship and Change in Fields,” in The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism, 2nd ed., GreenwoodRoystonOliverChristineLawrenceThomas B.MeyerRenate E., eds. Sage, 261–80.
84.
HearnAlisonSchoenhoffStephanie (2016), “From Celebrity to Influencer: Tracing the Diffusion of Celebrity Value Across the Data Stream,” in A Companion to Celebrity, MarshallP. DavidRedmondSean, eds. John Wiley & Sons, 194–212.
HelmsW. SullivanPattersonKerry D.W. (2014), “Eliciting Acceptance for ‘Illicit’ Organizations: The Positive Implications of Stigma for MMA Organizations,” Academy of Management Journal, 57 (5), 1453–84.
87.
HelmsW. SullivanPattersonKerry D.W.HudsonBryant A. (2019), “Let’s Not ‘Taint’ Stigma Research with Legitimacy, Please,” Journal of Management Inquiry, 28 (1), 5–10.
88.
HigginsTim (2021), Power Play: Tesla, Elon Musk, and the Bet of the Century. Doubleday.
89.
HoltDouglas (2016), “Branding in the Age of Social Media,” Harvard Business Review, 94 (3), 40–50.
90.
HoltDouglas B. (1998), “Does Cultural Capital Structure American Consumption?” Journal of Consumer Research, 25 (1), 1–25.
91.
HoltDouglas B. (2004), How Brands Become Icons: The Principles of Cultural Branding. Harvard Business School Press.
92.
HonanMat (2025), “Open AI: The Power and the Pride,” MIT Technology Review (May 28), https://www.technologyreview.com/2025/05/28/1117486/openai-the-power-and-the-pride/.
93.
HsuGretaKoçakÖzgecanKovácsBalázs (2018), “Co-Opt or Coexist? A Study of Medical Cannabis Dispensaries’ Identity-Based Responses to Recreational-Use Legalization in Colorado and Washington,” Organization Science, 29 (1), 172–90.
94.
HuffAimeeHumphreysAshleeWilnerSarah J.S. (2021), “The Politicization of Objects: Meaning and Materiality in the U.S. Cannabis Market,” Journal of Consumer Research, 48 (1), 22–50.
95.
HumphreysAshlee (2010), “Megamarketing: The Creation of Markets as a Social Process,” Journal of Marketing, 74 (2), 1–19.
96.
HumphreysAshleeCarpenterGregory S. (2018), “Status Games: Market Driving Through Social Influence in the U.S. Wine Industry,” Journal of Marketing, 82 (5), 141–59.
97.
HumphreysAshleeLatourKathryn A. (2013), “Framing the Game: Assessing the Impact of Cultural Representations on Consumer Perceptions of Legitimacy,” Journal of Consumer Research, 40 (4), 773–95.
98.
HumphreysAshleeWangRebecca Jen-Hui (2018), “Automated Text Analysis for Consumer Research,” Journal of Consumer Research, 44 (6), 1274–306.
99.
IacoccaLee (1984), Iacocca: An Autobiography.Bantam.
100.
IsaacsonWalter (2011), Steve Jobs. Simon & Schuster.
101.
IsaacsonWalter (2014), The Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution.Simon & Schuster.
102.
IyengarShantoLelkesYphtachLevenduskyMatthewMalhotraNeilWestwoodSean J. (2019), “The Origins and Consequences of Affective Polarization in the United States,” Annual Review of Political Science, 22 (1), 129–46.
103.
JacobidesMichael G. (2005), “Industry Change Through Vertical Disintegration: How and Why Markets Emerged in Mortgage Banking,” Academy of Management Journal, 48 (3), 465–98.
JaworskiBernardKohliAjay K.SahayArvind (2000), “Market-Driven Versus Driving Markets,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28 (1), 45–54.
106.
JeffersonGraham (2007), “Huffington’s Vision Prospers on Blog; Rocketed Up Most-Linked-To List in Less Than Three Years,” USA Today (September 26),B4.
107.
Jensen SchauHopeMuñizAlbert M.Jr. (2006), “A Tale of Tales: The Apple Newton Narratives,” Journal of Strategic Marketing, 14 (1), 19–33.
108.
JohnsonCathrynDowdTimothy J.RidgewayCecilia L. (2006), “Legitimacy as a Social Process,” Annual Review of Sociology, 32, 53–78.
109.
JohnsonVictoria (2007), “What Is Organizational Imprinting? Cultural Entrepreneurship in the Founding of the Paris Opera,” American Journal of Sociology, 113 (1), 97–127.
110.
JonesJill (2004), Empires of Light: Edison, Tesla, Westinghouse, and the Race to Electrify the World. Random House Trade Paperbacks.
111.
JonssonPatrik (2013), “Drudge Hates New Shield Bill, but Is Defining ‘Journalist’ Really ‘Fascist’?” Christian Science Monitor (September 14).
112.
KennedyMark T.PoznerJo-EllenRaffaelliRyan P. (2015), “The Coevolution of Technologies and Categories During Industry Emergence,” Academy of Management Review, 40 (3), 423–45.
113.
KhaireMuktiWadhwaniR. Daniel (2010), “Changing Landscapes: The Construction of Meaning and Value in a New Market Category—Modern Indian Art,” Academy of Management Journal, 53 (6), 1281–304.
114.
KleinNaomi (2009), No Logo. Vintage Canada.
115.
KumarNirmalyaScheerLisaKotlerPhilip (2000), “From Market Driven to Market Driving,” European Management Journal, 18 (2), 129–42.
116.
LehenkariJanne (2006), “The Networks of Learning in Technological Innovation: The Emergence of Collaboration Across Fields of Expertise,” dissertation, Department of Education, University of Helsinki, http://hdl.handle.net/10138/19781.
LippmannWalter (1931), “The Press and Public Opinion,” Political Science Quarterly, 46 (2), 161–70.
119.
LippmannWalterCurtisMichael (1992), Public Opinion. Routledge.
120.
LounsburyMichaelGlynnMary Ann (2001), “Cultural Entrepreneurship: Stories, Legitimacy, and the Acquisition of Resources,” Strategic Management Journal, 22 (6–7), 545–64.
121.
LudvigsenKarl (2009), Ferdinand Porsche — Genesis of Genius: Road, Racing and Aviation Innovation 1900 to 1933. Bentley Publishers.
122.
LuriIgnacioKaliyamurthyAshok KumarFarmerMatthew (2023), “‘Sometime in the Future’—The Technology Entrepreneur as Utopian Market Hero,” Marketing Theory, 23 (1), 99–118.
123.
MacielAndre F.FischerEileen (2020), “Collaborative Market Driving: How Peer Firms Can Develop Markets Through Collective Action,” Journal of Marketing, 84 (5), 41–59.
124.
MacleanMairiHarveyCharlesSuddabyRoy (2024), “Institutional Biography and the Institutionalization of a New Organizational Template: Building the Global Branded Hotel Chain.,” Business History, 66 (1), 311–39.
125.
MaguireSteveHardyCynthia (2017), “Discourse and Deinstitutionalization: The Decline of DDT,” Academy of Management Journal, 52 (1), 148–78.
126.
MaguireSteveHardyCynthiaLawrenceThomas B. (2004), “Institutional Entrepreneurship in Emerging Fields: HIV/AIDS Treatment Advocacy in Canada,” Academy of Management Journal, 47 (5), 657–79.
127.
MalinowskiBronislaw (1926), Myth in Primitive Psychology. W.W. Norton and & Company.
128.
ManesStephenAndrewsPaul (1994), Gates: How Microsoft’s Mogul Reinvented an Industry—and Made Himself the Richest Man in America. Simon and Schuster.
129.
MardonRebeccaCockerHayleyDauntKate (2023), “How Social Media Influencers Impact Consumer Collectives: An Embeddedness Perspective,” Journal of Consumer Research, 50 (3), 617–44.
130.
MartinDiane M.SchoutenJohn W. (2014), “Consumption-Driven Market Emergence,” Journal of Consumer Research, 40 (5), 855–70.
131.
MartinviitaAnnamari (2016), “Online Community and the Personal Diary: Writing to Connect at Open Diary,” Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 672–82.
132.
MarwickAlice E. (2013), Status Update: Celebrity, Publicity, and Branding in the Social Media Age. Yale University Press.
133.
MaussMarcel ([1925] 1990), The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies, W. D. Halls, trans. W.W. Norton & Company.
McKenzieHamish (2019), Insane Mode: How Elon Musk’s Tesla Sparked an Electric Revolution to End the Age of Oil. Penguin.
136.
MimounLaetitiaTrujillo-TorresLezSobandeFrancesca (2022), “Social Emotions and the Legitimation of the Fertility Technology Market,” Journal of Consumer Research, 48 (6), 1073–95.
137.
MoormanChristineMinerAnne S. (1998), “The Convergence of Planning and Execution: Improvisation in New Product Development,” Journal of Marketing, 62 (3), 1–20.
NavisChadGlynnMary Ann (2010), “How New Market Categories Emerge: Temporal Dynamics of Legitimacy, Identity, and Entrepreneurship in Satellite Radio, 1990–2005,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 55 (3), 439–71.
140.
O’GuinnThomas C.MuñizAlbert M. (2005), “Communal Consumption and the Brand,” in Inside Consumption, RatneshwarS.Zucker,David Glen eds. Routledge, 252–72.
ParkEunilLimJooyoungChoYongwoo (2018), “Understanding the Emergence and Social Acceptance of Electric Vehicles as Next-Generation Models for the Automobile Industry,” Sustainability, 10 (3), 662.
143.
ParmentierMarie-AgnèsFischerEileen (2012), “How Athletes Build Their Brands,” International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 11 (1–2), 106–24.
144.
ParmentierMarie-AgnèsFischerEileen (2021), “Working It: Managing Professional Brands in Prestigious Posts,” Journal of Marketing, 85 (2), 110–28.
145.
ParmentierMarie-AgnèsFischerEileenReuberA. Rebecca (2013), “Positioning Person-Brands in Established Organizational Fields,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 41 (3), 373–87.
146.
PetersChrisBroersmaMarcel (2013), Rethinking Journalism: Trust and Participation in a Transformed News Landscape. Routledge.
RaoHayagreevaMoninPhilippeDurandRodolphe (2003), “Institutional Change in Toque Ville: Nouvelle Cuisine as an Identity Movement in French Gastronomy,” American Journal of Sociology, 108 (4), 795–843.
151.
RindovaViolina P.PollockTimothy G.HaywardMathew L.A. (2006), “Celebrity Firms: The Social Construction of Market Popularity,” Academy of Management Review, 31 (1), 50–71.
152.
RindovaViolina P.WilliamsonIan O.PetkovaAntoaneta P.SeverJoy Marie (2005), “Being Good or Being Known: An Empirical Examination of the Dimensions, Antecedents, and Consequences of Organizational Reputation,” Academy of Management Journal, 48 (6), 1033–49.
RosaJosé AntonioPoracJoseph F.Runser-SpanjolJelenaSaxonMichael S. (1999), “Sociocognitive Dynamics in a Product Market,” Journal of Marketing, 63 (Special Issue), 64–77.
155.
RussellAdrienne (2011), Networked: A Contemporary History of News in Transition. Polity Press.
Salt Lake Tribune (2007), “Reader Input Helps Shape Trib Online Content,” (August 4),1.
158.
SantosFilipe M.EisenhardtKathleen M. (2009), “Constructing Markets and Shaping Boundaries: Entrepreneurial Power in Nascent Fields,” Academy of Management Journal, 52 (4), 643–71.
159.
ScarabotoDaianeFischerEileen (2013), “Frustrated Fatshionistas: An Institutional Theory Perspective on Consumer Quests for Greater Choice in Mainstream Markets,” Journal of Consumer Research, 39 (6), 1234–57.
160.
ScarabotoDaianeFischerEileen (2015), “Triggers, Tensions and Trajectories: Towards an Understanding of the Dynamics of Consumer Enrolment in Uneasily Intersecting Assemblages,” in Assembling Consumption, CannifordRobinBajdeDomen, eds. Routledge, 172–86.
161.
SchneibergMarcClemensElisabeth S. (2006), “The Typical Tools for the Job: Research Strategies in Institutional Analysis,” Sociological Theory, 24 (3), 195–227.
162.
SchudsonMichael (1978), Discovering the News:A Social History of American Newspapers. Basic Books.
163.
ScottW. Richard ([1995] 2014), Institutions and Organizations: Ideas, Interests, and Identities. Sage.
TaylorJudy (2022), “The History of the Hermès Birkin Bag,” Madison Avenue Couture (October 31), https://madisonavenuecouture.com/blogs/news/a-brief-history-of-the-birkin-bag-the-holy-grail-handbag.
170.
ThompsonCraig J. (2004), “Marketplace Mythology and Discourses of Power,” Journal of Consumer Research, 31 (1), 162–80.
171.
ThomsonMatthew (2006), “Human Brands: Investigating Antecedents to Consumers’ Strong Attachments to Celebrities,” Journal of Marketing, 70 (3), 104–19.
172.
TuccilleJerome (1985), Trump: The Saga of America’s Most Powerful Real Estate Baron. Beard Books.
173.
TuchmanGaye (1978), Making News: A Study in the Construction of Reality. The Free Press.
174.
TuchmanGaye (1980), “Facts of the Moment: The Study of News,” Symbolic Interaction, 3 (2), 9–20.
175.
ÜstünerTubaThompsonCraig J. (2012), “How Marketplace Performances Produce Interdependent Status Games and Contested Forms of Symbolic Capital,” Journal of Consumer Research, 38 (5), 796–814.
176.
VanceAshlee (2015), Elon Musk: How the Billionaire CEO of SpaceX and Tesla Is Shaping Our Future. Random House.
177.
WaldropM. Mitchell (2001), “The Origins of Personal Computing,” Scientific American, 285 (6), 84–91.
WassermanEdward (2009), “Guest Column: Who’s Keeping Online News Honest?” Green Bay Press-Gazette (June 27).
180.
WayneTeddy (2011), “The Partisan Corners of the News,” New York Times (May 9),B2.
181.
WeberKlausHeinzeKathryn L.DeSouceyMichaela (2008), “Forage for Thought: Mobilizing Codes in the Movement for Grass-Fed Meat and Dairy Products,” Administrative Science Quarterly, 53 (3), 529–67.
WieserVerena E.LuedickeMarius K.HemetsbergerAndrea (2021), “Charismatic Entrainment: How Brand Leaders and Consumers Co-Create Charismatic Authority in the Marketplace,” Journal of Consumer Research, 48 (4), 731–51.
184.
YatesBrock (1983), The Decline and Fall of the American Automobile Industry. Empire Books.
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
