In-Train Force Orientated Trajectory Optimization for Heavy-Haul Trains with Electronically Controlled Pneumatic Braking Systems

This paper studies the trajectory optimization problem for heavy-haul trains with the objective of decreasing energy consumption and in-train force. To achieve this objective, a multi-mass-point model is utilized to describe the heavy-haul train, such that in-train dynamics based on electronically controlled pneumatic braking systems can be considered. An optimization problem is constructed based on the multi-mass-point model with the objective of minimizing both operation energy consumption and in-train force, which would improve the operational safety and energy efficiency as well as reduce the cost of train maintenance. Then the optimization problem is solved by using the pseudospectral method with an exponential convergence rate and good accuracy with sparse grids. Furthermore, numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of the proposed method, revealing that the operation energy consumption and in-train forces are decreased compared with the routine single-mass-point model based method.