The dilemma and countermeasures of online sports teaching under the background of big data and Internet of Things

Abstract

With the continuous progress of data science, big data technology has been continuously integrated into human daily life. The application of big data technology in the field of education to improve the teaching and learning efficiency of teachers and students has become the focus of current scholars. With the popularization of the concept of the Internet of Everything, the Internet of Things technology has gradually become a hot spot for technology fans. It is widely used in home and body-worn devices. Applying the Internet of Things technology in the education field to obtain student status feedback data can make teachers more accurately understand the goals of student learning. The continuous raging of the epidemic has led to the change of many courses from offline face-to-face teaching to home online teaching, which has brought about a huge change in the traditional offline face-to-face physical education teaching method. Therefore, in order to better protect against the epidemic and prevent the spread of the epidemic more effectively, X Academy responded to the country’s call to “suspend classes without teaching, and without stopping learning”, so that physical education courses other than other cultural courses will be conducted offline and face-to-face. Teaching has changed to online physical education. This paper firstly defines the concepts of big data, Internet of Things and online physical education teaching, and then conducts research on the current situation and countermeasures of online physical education teaching. Find optimized countermeasures, so that X College can get better teaching results when it conducts online physical education teaching again in the face of similar public health emergencies in the future, allowing students to exercise, improve physical fitness, enhance sports skills, and enhance their own resistance. power goal. The research method of this paper mainly adopts the data analysis method of questionnaire survey and statistics. Through the second survey, it is found that all aspects of online physical education teaching have been improved after adopting the improved strategy.

Keywords

Online sports teaching big data Internet of Things

1. Introduction

1.1 Big data

Big data is different from ordinary data sets. It represents most of the data that can be obtained for analysis needs. The process of analyzing most of the data to produce effective results is called big data analysis. Big data generally refers to providing a reference data set through a large number of aggregations of certain aspects of data. This data set enables the aggregator to quickly query and obtain key information according to the rules set by the code, and can also obtain the prediction results of future events through the analysis of historical data. The key connotation of big data is not to store enough data, but to use the stored data to predict future events, thereby providing value to users. At present, big data is mainly used in scientific research data analysis, business data analysis and risk prediction [1]. In the era of cloud storage and artificial intelligence technology development in the future, big data technology will be effectively applied in more fields [2].

1.2 Internet of Things

With the rapid development of electronic components and data science and technology, IoT technology has gradually entered the lives of citizens. IOT is a technology that connects different kinds of objects using communication protocols arranged by the International Telecommunication Union. On the surface, the Internet of Things realizes the communication of all objects, but in fact it is still inseparable from the electronic products on the Internet of Things devices. The current IoT sensing protocols mainly include Wifi, Mqtt, NB-iot, Modbus-RS-485, Zigbee, etc. The application of IoT technology to the education industry has become the current trend. The agency predicts the future development trend of IoT technology as shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 1.

The development trend of IoT technology.

1.3 Online physical education teaching

Under the background of “the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, classes will be suspended and schools will continue to carry out online teaching and Internet $+$ ”. Teaching system to provide support. The teaching content is made into a video, and students can watch and learn independently. Online teaching has unique advantages, which can overcome the shortcomings of the traditional teaching mode and are not limited by time and space. At the same time, you can also watch online teaching resources through platforms such as MOOC, Xuetong, Chaoxing Learning Network, and keep, and get rid of the fixed class time. Online physical education is mainly based on course teaching, mainly through the combination of teaching groups and online network teaching platforms. During the new crown epidemic, the teaching method is mainly online, and offline independent home practice is supplemented by teaching mode [3]. Physical education teachers publish teaching courseware and teaching design plans in the teaching group, and students take the initiative to check and preview; during class, students check learning materials online, and ask teachers their own questions through online teaching live broadcasts for everyone to discuss [4]. The teacher finally makes correct and reasonable answer; offline self-training is basically home practice, mainly focusing on physical fitness [5].

During the epidemic, online physical education has become a major problem. The particularity of sports discipline makes it difficult to carry out online sports teaching. The research of this article is of great help to solve the problem of online teaching and improve the quality of students’ physical education learning during the epidemic. This study can improve the quality and level of physical education teaching is of great significance.

2. Basic situation analysis

Under the normal situation of the epidemic, it is necessary to protect the physical and mental health of students during the epidemic prevention period, improve the physical education teaching mode, deeply integrate Internet technology with physical education courses, and form a diversified network teaching mode [6, 7, 8]. However, in the specific implementation process, there are also some problems, such as lack of innovative theoretical guidance, insufficient understanding of online education, lack of real understanding of the real laws of online education in a short period of time, lack of effective reference standards for integrity, etc. Physical education faces huge challenges in terms of learning content, learning methods, and teaching methods. Therefore, the physical education teaching mode in colleges and universities needs to be fully optimized. Through the implementation of the main form of network teaching, it has brought new ideas and new means to the reform of physical education teaching in colleges and universities [9, 10]. At present, college students in our country are generally in poor physical health, cannot use physical fitness knowledge to guide self-exercise, do not have the ability and motivation to self-exercise, and lack the awareness, habit and ability to regularly participate in physical exercise [11, 12]. Through online courses to create a sports culture atmosphere, convey a concise sports spirit, and create a strong campus sports culture atmosphere, it can effectively improve the sports literacy of college students. Combined with the actual situation of college students, combined with the characteristics of physical education under the normal situation of the epidemic, students are guided to carry out diversified exercises at home [13, 14, 15]. In addition, students can also be guided to actively engage in stretching, or core strength exercises, such as sit-ups, etc. These teaching contents can be introduced into online physical education activities. In the future, teachers should also be encouraged to explore the contact information of each project under space constraints, so that when dealing with online sports courses, according to the specific situation of online sports, select sports practice content, and establish unique learning and practice methods for each project [16, 17]. Of course, the selection of online physical education teaching content is more based on the consideration of venues, students’ abilities, etc., giving full play to students’ resources, reasonably determining the physical education teaching content, and ensuring the effectiveness of the entire activity [18]. The content of this research mainly involves the situation and evaluation of online physical education teaching in X College, the content of online physical education teaching, the online physical education teaching process, the influence of physical education teaching, the supervision of online physical education teaching, and the online physical education teaching process of the college [19, 20]. Research on the current situation and countermeasures of sports risk in China. The research method mainly adopts the methods of online questionnaire distribution, statistical algorithm and inductive analysis. The most important thing is to understand the teaching situation of physical education class during the epidemic and the reasons behind it, and reasonably listen to the opinions and analysis of experts. After studying the reference materials and Internet literature, a reasonable questionnaire related to the research of this thesis was formulated, and sent to the research subjects to fill in, and the questionnaire was collected after filling.

3. The current predicament of online physical education

3.1 Basic information of online physical education courses of X College

In the face of this public health emergency, teachers and students have shown a positive and correct attitude in the online physical education teaching. Students have various motivations for learning. A large proportion of students like sports, and they can do sports. It can effectively resist the spread of the new crown epidemic while maintaining physical fitness.

According to the survey, the main arrangement of physical education courses of X College is shown in Table 1.

Table 1
Basic information of physical education classes in X college

Sports theory	Sports skills	Home workout
Health education	Baduan Jin, Yi Jin Jing, Wu Qin Xi	Radio fuck
First aid	Tai Chi, Five Step Boxing, Sanda	Physical fitness at home
Exercise prescription	Aerobics	sports APP platform punch-in practice
Sports exciting events and outstanding	Special sports basic skills, etc.	Tabata training, physical training
people, etc.

3.2 The relationship between college physical education and the epidemic

After investigation and review of relevant literature, it is concluded that a series of changes have taken place in the physical education class of X College during the new crown epidemic. During the new crown epidemic, the physical education environment of Xia X College changed from traditional offline face-to-face teaching to online live broadcast, video, watch teaching videos for teaching; during the new crown epidemic, the teaching method of X College physical education has changed from the previous intuitive teaching to heuristic teaching, allowing students to learn independently through teaching videos [21]; during the new crown epidemic, the utilization of physical education resources in X College has changed due to the impact of the epidemic, so that the number of e-library pageviews is ahead, and teachers make good use of the platform to live broadcast teaching. Online teaching resources are developed according to the needs of the modern era, so that online teaching resources are developed on a large scale and effectively applied to online physical education teaching [22].

3.3 Basic situation of online teaching supervision

After X College’s assessment of online sports teaching, the assessment method is based on students filling in assessment questionnaires. Through the statistical analysis of the assessment questionnaires filled in by students, it is found that the school does not pay enough attention to online physical education teaching.

3.4 Investigation on the current situation of sports risks and countermeasures in the online physical education teaching process of X College during the new crown epidemic

According to the questionnaire, the main sources of sports risks are the organizational form of online physical education, the load of online practice, and the content of online practice. During the new crown epidemic, X Academy basically used QQ video, Tencent conference, DingTalk video conference, and Xuetong video for live teaching, but most of them used DingTalk video conference. Due to the use of online live broadcast for physical education, teachers cannot intuitively guide students to practice [23, 24]. At the same time, teachers also need to demonstrate movement techniques to students and correct students’ wrong actions all the time. There are many students in video teaching, so they cannot pay attention to them in time. To every student, it is so easy to cause sports strain in students.

Through the feedback of the questionnaire survey results, 49.86% of the students choose a 40-minute class study time, 36.52% of the students choose a 30-minute class study time, 10.52% of the students choose a 50-minute class study time, only 3.1% of students choose a 60-minute class study period or longer. It is most beneficial for students to limit the duration of one class of online physical education to 40 minutes [25]. In terms of exercise content arrangement (Table 2), basic skills of special sports accounted for 50.92%, motor skills accounted for 27.62%, physical training accounted for 13.56%, and theoretical knowledge accounted for 7.9%. The offline classroom environment is too small, which may lead to insufficient warm-up activities, resulting in injury to students.

Table 2
Summary of online teaching content

Teaching methods	Number of people	Proportion
Basic sports skills	307	50.92%
Motor skills	221	27.62%
Physical training	108	13.56%
Sports theory	64	7.9%

The specific situation of sports injuries among the students surveyed is shown in Table 3.

Table 3

Personal injury data in online PE classes

Cause of student injury	Number of people	Proportion (%)
The small training environment at home results in	35	46.02
Personal reasons	35	45.72
Without instructor guidance, wrong practice caused	32	42.18
Uncertain factor	28	35.99
Insufficient preparation activities	10	13.57

The methods for data analysis involved are shown in Eqs (1)–(5):

$\displaystyle g(x,y)=\text{dec}(f(x,y))=\{[f(x,y)-f(x-1,y]10[f(x,y)-f(x,y-1)]2% \}0.1$ (1) $\displaystyle H(D,E)=-\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}D({x_{i}})\log({E({x_{i}})})$ (2) $\displaystyle d_{j}(x,y)=1-J(x,y)=\frac{|x\cup y|-|xny|}{|x||v|}$ (3) $\displaystyle Q=\frac{R-T+2\ast M}{L}+1$ (4) $\displaystyle t_{2}=({t_{1}-t_{\text{h}}+2K})/C+1$ (5)

4. Big data and IoT solutions for the current online physical education dilemma

4.1 Using big data technology to improve students’ awareness of safety precautions

Physical problems during sports will be a situation that neither students nor teachers want to see. Teachers should always emphasize safety issues, and some professional technical actions should take protective measures in time. In the context of the development of big data technology, comprehensive analysis can be carried out in combination with students’ personal physical data and historical sports injury records, and students can be reminded to pay attention to the safety of a certain part before and during exercise, or combined with the actions taught by teachers. In the historical physical education course, the data of the injured parts of the students’ body will be reminded, so that the students can warm up and exercise part safety in advance. In this way, the big data technology can be combined to improve the students’ sports safety factor from the perspective of safety awareness. The questionnaire survey found that after the use of big data technology, the students’ awareness of sports safety has been greatly improved. The specific situation is shown in Fig. 2.

Figure 2.

Changes in students’ sports safety awareness.

4.2 Strategy design combined with big data

Reasonable adjustment of online physical education teaching time, combined with the special request for student home training, formulate professional curriculum plans, arrange and improve reasonable teaching content. For example, adding knowledge and theories that conform to online physical education, such as principles and methods of sports training, prevention and treatment of sports injuries, reasonable meal plans, introduction of traditional ethnic minority sports, training on rules, etc., as well as explanations of traditional Chinese health preservation theories and methods, etc.

Big data technology can make recommendations for teachers based on students’ personal information data, and let teachers formulate some home sports exercise programs. In order to provide hardware protection for online physical education teaching, but also to reduce students’ vision damage, optimize online live education platform, enrich the functions of the platform, and improve the quality of teaching. As shown in Table 4, physical education teachers are able to use big data technology for planning to improve strategies.

Table 4
Teaching strategies of online physical education

Type	Tool	Application strategy
Network platform	Zhixue Network, Chaoxing Learning Tong Teaching Platform, Chaoxing Network, Chinese University MOOCs, Xuetangxing Online, Wisdom Tree, etc.	Online course resources, high-quality courses, sent to students to watch and learn.
Interactive tool	QQ group, WeChat group, DingTalk group, Rain Classroom, etc.	Check-in before class, attendance, assign homework after class, interact with teachers and students, and submit homework.
Online teaching method	QQ group classroom, DingTalk, cloud video, etc.	Online classes to teach students sports knowledge and skills.
Video software	Douyin, Kuaishou, Tencent Video, Xigua Video, CCTV, iQiyi, etc.	Search and check related home exercise videos, various project technical action videos, and sports event videos.
Television	Education Channel	TV Educational Channels Live classes are broadcast on TV.
Mobile APP	Learning to strengthen the country’s education column

Through the theoretical analysis of reliability and validity, the questionnaire correlation coefficient of this online physical education teaching is obtained as shown in Table 5.

Table 5

Reliability and validity analysis

	Reliability	Validity
Value	Alpha $=$ 0.77	KMO $=$ 0.78

From Table 5 and the reliability theory of the actual questionnaire, it can be seen that the data of this questionnaire survey is real and effective, and it is more in line with the reality. Therefore, it is believed that the survey and analysis results of this online physical education teaching situation are valid.

Through the second questionnaire survey, it was found that after the adoption of big data technology, the efficiency of teachers’ teaching plan formulation was greatly improved. The specific situation is shown in Fig. 3.

Figure 3.

Changes in the efficiency of teachers’ teaching plan formulation.

4.3 Use big data to complete case training

The physical education teachers in colleges and universities in our country are not very proficient in the use of online sports resources, With the rapid development of the Internet, physical education teachers are required to have a certain ability to use network information, inquire the latest sports information and sports videos through the Internet, deliver physical education learning resources to students, and become the promoters and guides for college students to consciously develop the habit of physical exercise. However, the physical education teachers in colleges and universities in our country are not very proficient in the use of online sports resources, and only stay in the link of teaching physical education skills to college students, especially for older physical education teachers, which is more difficult. However, college sports is not only about running and jumping on the playground, but also passing on the knowledge and methods of physical exercise to students, teaching them to understand sports, to consciously participate in sports, to master one or two sports skills that will benefit life, and to develop regular exercise body habit. If physical education teachers do not have the ability to use information technology, it is difficult to complete this teaching task. Therefore, physical education teachers should actively respond to the development of information technology and improve their online teaching ability.

Big data technology can usually push key demand data for individuals on the basis of personal information data analysis. Online physical education also needs to improve teachers’ ability to use technical software in the context of big data and the Internet of Things. Through the analysis of teachers’ needs through big data, the successful learning cases of other teachers can be pushed to physical education teachers, so as to improve the success rate and efficiency of teachers’ learning. Through the second questionnaire survey, it was found that after the adoption of big data technology, teachers’ information skills were greatly improved. The specific situation is shown in Fig. 4.

Figure 4.

Changes in teachers’ information skills.

4.4 Build an IOT monitoring and evaluation path

The lack of a supervision system for students can be solved from the layout of hardware facilities. The RFID tags in the Internet of Things technology are cheap and easy to track. They can wear appropriate body motion sensors for each student and use them on the school’s online teaching platform. A processing center is built on the Internet of Things, and an IoT QR code, RFID tag and a corresponding reader identification data area are built. Each student participating in the online physical education course must collect data through the IoT processing center, and then transmit the data to Big data processing platform, so that the supervision of students’ online teaching can be realized. Let teachers remind students in a timely manner to ensure that students can truly complete their learning tasks. Through the second questionnaire survey, it was found that after the adoption of the Internet of Things technology, the students’ learning consciousness was greatly improved. The specific situation is shown in Fig. 5.

Figure 5.

Changes in students’ learning consciousness.

5. Conclusion

The problems existing in the implementation of online physical education mainly include single content, low efficiency, and lack of awareness of students’ participation. Cultivate students’ awareness of participation, and strengthen the evaluation management of online sports and the implementation of online teaching.

This paper firstly defines the concepts of big data, Internet of Things and online physical education teaching, and then conducts research on the current situation and countermeasures of online physical education teaching. Find optimized countermeasures, so that X College can get better teaching results when it conducts online physical education teaching again in the face of similar public health emergencies in the future, allowing students to exercise, improve physical fitness, enhance sports skills, and enhance their own resistance power goal. The research method of this paper mainly adopts the data analysis method of questionnaire survey and statistics. Through the second survey, it is found that all aspects of online physical education teaching have been improved after adopting the improved strategy.

This article expounds the problems of sports online teaching from multiple perspectives, and proposes solutions to these problems. This article has certain guiding significance for solving sports online problems. The future research direction is to further solve the problems of sports online teaching through big data, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and other technologies. While ensuring the teaching effect, improve the quality of physical education and promote the all-round development of moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor.

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The dilemma and countermeasures of online sports teaching under the background of big data and Internet of Things

Abstract

Keywords

1. Introduction

1.1 Big data

1.2 Internet of Things

2. Basic situation analysis

3. The current predicament of online physical education

3.1 Basic information of online physical education courses of X College

Table 1 Basic information of physical education classes in X college

3.3 Basic situation of online teaching supervision

3.4 Investigation on the current situation of sports risks and countermeasures in the online physical education teaching process of X College during the new crown epidemic

Table 2 Summary of online teaching content

4.1 Using big data technology to improve students’ awareness of safety precautions

Table 4 Teaching strategies of online physical education

References

Table 1
Basic information of physical education classes in X college

Table 2
Summary of online teaching content

Table 4
Teaching strategies of online physical education