Journal of Cellular Biotechnology

It is now known regulatory effect of gaseous mediators in many bodily functions. These mediators include nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). However, detailed data on the regulatory role of each of these gasotransmitters (GTs) are still not sufficiently studied.

The aim of this study was to investigate on models of microrheological behaviour of intact red blood cells and their recovered ghosts of cellular responses to all three known gasotransmitters: NO, H₂S, and CO.

In experiments with intact red blood cells (RBCs) and their recovered ghosts (filled with an isotonic solution of known viscosity), deformability (RBCD) and aggregation (RBCA) were recorded after incubation of cells with GT donors or stimulators of their endogenous synthesis.

It was found that all three GT donors moderately increased the deformability of both intact RBCs and their recovered ghosts (by 5–10%, p < 0.05). In addition GT donors and substrates of their endogenous synthesis significantly reduced RBCA, from 20 to 37% (p < 0.01). Experiments with inhibition of soluble guanylate cyclase (s-GC) almost completely eliminated the RBCD increasing effect of GT donors

In present study it was demonstrated that all three known gaseous mediators: NO, CO and H₂S cause moderate statistically significant positive alterations in RBC deformability as well as a noticeable decrease in RBC aggregation. This was confirmed both in experiments with gasotransmitter donors and stimulators of GT endogenous synthesis. In addition, the data obtained suggest that RBC microrheological responses to the actions of all three GTs are associated with activation of the guanylate cyclase signalling cascade.

Novel concept known as tissue engineering is for the betterment of human. The use of much advanced molecular science and cell biology in processing the tissues to regenerate even after the loss of inborn tendency of pluripotent cells to multiply is possible by this new therapy.

Periodontal tissue regeneration in both height and function is attributed to a complete recovery of the periodontal structures, that is, the formation of alveolar bone, a new connective attachment through collagen fibers as well as functionally oriented on the newly formed cementum is regeneration. Cell based therapies including tissue regeneration is an alternative approach for the regeneration of tissues damaged by disease or trauma.

Though tissue engineering requires the fundamentals of all the three keys namely genomics, proteomics and biometrics to give the solutions to biological problems appearing in dentistry as well as medical sciences.

There are certain issues using saliva as a sample for steroid hormone analysis in clinical diagnostics. Therefore, it is important to test whether currently available assays are suitable for this approach in a routine laboratory.

The analytical performance of two commercially available immunoassays was compared under routine conditions. In addition, salivary steroid hormone levels were compared with serum levels.

Saliva and serum samples were collected from healthy subjects. Afterwards, the concentration of cortisol, testosterone, progesterone and estradiol in saliva was measured by using the ADIVA Centaur^® XP platform and commercially available manual ELISA kits. Serum levels of the selected steroid hormones were determined by using the ADVIA Centaur^® platform.

Currently, the ADVIA Centaur^® XP platform cannot be used for the quantification of steroid hormones in saliva due to an insufficient calibration range. Commercially available ELISA kits on the other side are well suitable for this application.

There are commercially available immunoassays which are sensitive enough for the determination of steroid hormones from saliva and can be used under routine conditions. However, the interpretation of salivary steroid hormone levels stays a challenging task due to the large variability of the results.

Due to widespread use of pesticides, an individual’s lifetime exposure to pesticide mixtures is unavoidable, resulting in potentiation of toxic effects such as changing metabolic signaling temporarily or permanently due to the formation of free radicals among exposed individuals.

This study then looked at the expression of leptin and insulin receptors in Wistar rats exposed to pyrethroid and its effects on adipokines and glycemic indices.

84 Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into two groups. 51 rats were exposed to 1.2 % w/v pyrethroid insecticides, while the remaining 33 rats were grouped as non-exposed. The groups were divided into three different groups, each with 7, 21, and 41 days. The animals were anesthetically sacrificed and samples of blood were collected after days of exposure. The levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), nitric oxide (NO), glucose and lipids were determined. Blood activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) were also determined. ELISA was used to assess leptin, adiponectin, insulin, CRP, IL-6, and TNFα. Glycaemic indices were calculated appropriately. Leptin and Insulin expression was determined using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Data obtained were statistically compared, and P≤0.05 was considered significant.

The mean TChol, TAG, and HDL-C were significantly different (p < 0.05) among the exposed groups. The serum mean levels of SOD, GPx, CAT, GSH, TAS, QUICKI, TNFα, IL6, and CRP were significantly reduced (p < 0.05), while mean levels of MDA, H₂O₂, NO, insulin, HOMA-IR, FIRI, leptin, and adiponectin were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in exposed groups. The relative expression of insulin and leptin genes in exposed and non-exposed groups was also shown by column.

It is self-evident that pyrethroid chemicals exposure may disrupt carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by raising the risk of obesity among the exposed groups.

In dogs, an insufficient variety of cell lines commercially available or difficulties in obtaining the existing cell lines developed from various studies results in a limited number of cytotoxicity and related molecular studies integrated with clinical practice. Hence, the doses of many drugs or supportive treatments used in canine tumor cases are adjusted based on studies in humans.

A cell line was established from a benign mixed tumor of the canine mammary gland.

Following surgical removal of the tumor, mechanical dissociation, and PBS washing, a culture process of the tumor cells was performed, including the passaging, freezing, and thawing stages. After several passages, the morphological characteristics of the cells at the logarithmic growth phase were observed under a phase-contrast microscope.

The microscopy of the cells cultured on plastic dishes revealed monolayer colonies. The average passage time, which was 5–6 days in the first three passages, decreased to 2–3 days after the third passage. Microscopic examination of tumor cells revealed an adherent, stellated, and spindle-shaped structure.

No difference was observed in the viability and morphology of the cells thawed even after the long period of freezing (∼18 months). The different canine cell lines can provide promising molecular applications that can be adapted into practical clinics in veterinary science.