Human Systems Management

BACKGROUND: This extensive analysis examines the changing environment of AI in education using 1,480 Web of Science research publications. The goal is to map the academic landscape, highlight significant topics, and identify notable authors, nations, and documents to enable future study in this expanding subject.

OBJECTIVE: The study seeks to explore AI’s influence on education and identify patterns and insights that might inform future research.

METHODS: Bibliometric and content analytics are used to carefully extract data from the Web of Science Core Collection. To ensure completeness and relevance, 1,480 peer-reviewed papers from 2008 to 2023 were selected.

RESULTS: The study identified six research clusters: AI Ethics and Innovation, Teaching Systems, Learning Experiences, Education Performance Enhancement via AI, Sustainable Development Goals in Education, and AI, Big Data, and Education. With the help of 107 universities, 310 keywords, and 160 authors from 37 different countries, these clusters are thriving islands in their respective fields.

IMPLICATIONS: This study helps researchers, educators, and policymakers explore the literature and identify prospective research areas. It allows stakeholders to lead AI in education towards a more inclusive and enlightened future.

BACKGROUND: This extensive analysis examines the changing environment of AI in education using 1,480 Web of Science research publications. The goal is to map the academic landscape, highlight significant topics, and identify notable authors, nations, and documents to enable future study in this expanding subject.

OBJECTIVE: The study seeks to explore AI’s influence on education and identify patterns and insights that might inform future research.

METHODS: Bibliometric and content analytics are used to carefully extract data from the Web of Science Core Collection. To ensure completeness and relevance, 1,480 peer-reviewed papers from 2008 to 2023 were selected.

RESULTS: The study identified six research clusters: AI Ethics and Innovation, Teaching Systems, Learning Experiences, Education Performance Enhancement via AI, Sustainable Development Goals in Education, and AI, Big Data, and Education. With the help of 107 universities, 310 keywords, and 160 authors from 37 different countries, these clusters are thriving islands in their respective fields.

IMPLICATIONS: This study helps researchers, educators, and policymakers explore the literature and identify prospective research areas. It allows stakeholders to lead AI in education towards a more inclusive and enlightened future.

BACKGROUND: Women’s low economic participation in Pakistan and even lower in the formal sector is a perpetual phenomenon leading to their underdevelopment, which has microeconomic and macroeconomic implications. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the nature of women’s work and the intersection of their non-market and market activities at micro, meso, and macro levels which influences women’s chances and choices of decent economic participation.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the interdependence of women’s market and non-market work to explore how gender intersects with their economic autonomy.

METHODS: Using qualitative approach, in-depth interviews of 30 purposely selected respondents from the informal sector were thematically analysed.

RESULTS: Results indicated that the interdependence of women’s non-market and market work is the outcome of the gendered dichotomy that creates work-life conflict to create women’s economic dependence and male hegemony. Moreover, although a common phenomenon, women from underprivileged backgrounds are more likely to bear the brunt of systemic deprivation leading to economic underdevelopment.

CONCLUSIONS: Pakistan’s inherently masculinised society and economy mutually benefit from women’s unpaid and informal work. Facilitated through gender norms, the patriarchal social ideology and the capitalist economic system collaborate to exploit women and their work in both domains.

BACKGROUND: Women’s low economic participation in Pakistan and even lower in the formal sector is a perpetual phenomenon leading to their underdevelopment, which has microeconomic and macroeconomic implications. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the nature of women’s work and the intersection of their non-market and market activities at micro, meso, and macro levels which influences women’s chances and choices of decent economic participation.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the interdependence of women’s market and non-market work to explore how gender intersects with their economic autonomy.

METHODS: Using qualitative approach, in-depth interviews of 30 purposely selected respondents from the informal sector were thematically analysed.

RESULTS: Results indicated that the interdependence of women’s non-market and market work is the outcome of the gendered dichotomy that creates work-life conflict to create women’s economic dependence and male hegemony. Moreover, although a common phenomenon, women from underprivileged backgrounds are more likely to bear the brunt of systemic deprivation leading to economic underdevelopment.

CONCLUSIONS: Pakistan’s inherently masculinised society and economy mutually benefit from women’s unpaid and informal work. Facilitated through gender norms, the patriarchal social ideology and the capitalist economic system collaborate to exploit women and their work in both domains.

BACKGROUND Knowledge sharing is a prerequisite for organizational success, while knowledge hiding is often detrimental to organizational development.

OBJECTIVE Drawing upon regulatory focus theory and interactionism, this research aims to investigate how regulatory focus influences employees’ knowledge hiding and the moderating role of cooperative climate.

METHODS Data were collected through a time-lagged survey of 320 full-time employees enrolled in a professional training program at a Chinese university. Confirmatory factor analysis, descriptive analysis, hierarchical regression analyses, and bootstrap analysis were some of the analytical techniques used.

RESULTS The results indicate that promotion focus has a positive impact on knowledge hiding, whereas prevention focus is negative to knowledge hiding. Furthermore, cooperative climate moderates the influence of regulatory focus on knowledge hiding.

CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to our understanding of the important role of employees’ regulatory focus on knowledge hiding behavior in the workplace.

BACKGROUND Knowledge sharing is a prerequisite for organizational success, while knowledge hiding is often detrimental to organizational development.

OBJECTIVE Drawing upon regulatory focus theory and interactionism, this research aims to investigate how regulatory focus influences employees’ knowledge hiding and the moderating role of cooperative climate.

METHODS Data were collected through a time-lagged survey of 320 full-time employees enrolled in a professional training program at a Chinese university. Confirmatory factor analysis, descriptive analysis, hierarchical regression analyses, and bootstrap analysis were some of the analytical techniques used.

RESULTS The results indicate that promotion focus has a positive impact on knowledge hiding, whereas prevention focus is negative to knowledge hiding. Furthermore, cooperative climate moderates the influence of regulatory focus on knowledge hiding.

CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to our understanding of the important role of employees’ regulatory focus on knowledge hiding behavior in the workplace.

BACKGROUND: Many recent studies have proposed that leadership behaviors are attached to social exchange processes that influence not only their followers but also leaders themselves. Existing research has not adequately addressed how ambidextrous leadership affects the leaders themselves.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the extent to which ambidextrous leadership has benefits and costs for leaders’ work engagement. Additionally, it attempts to explore the moderating role of leaders’ emotional intelligence in the conceptual model.

METHODS: Data were collected from a two-phase online survey of 153 managers in China. We tested our conceptual model using path analysis and bootstrapping methods based on Mplus.

RESULTS: Results show that ambidextrous leadership is positively associated with leaders’ positive affect. Moreover, ambidextrous leadership has a positive indirect effect on leaders’ work engagement through positive affect. However, ambidextrous leadership also has devastating effects on leaders’ work engagement through ego depletion for leaders with low levels of emotional intelligence.

CONCLUSIONS: Drawing on COR theory, we demonstrate that ambidextrous leadership can act as a double-edged sword for leaders. Specifically, ambidextrous leadership may cause different behavioral responses (promoting vs. inhibiting work engagement) via two distinct pathways (positive affect vs. ego depletion). Meanwhile, the extent to which this dark side appears depends on the characteristics of the manager. By integrating both the negative and positive sides of ambidextrous leadership, we hope the present paper sparks future research on the impact of leaders on themselves.

BACKGROUND: Many recent studies have proposed that leadership behaviors are attached to social exchange processes that influence not only their followers but also leaders themselves. Existing research has not adequately addressed how ambidextrous leadership affects the leaders themselves.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the extent to which ambidextrous leadership has benefits and costs for leaders’ work engagement. Additionally, it attempts to explore the moderating role of leaders’ emotional intelligence in the conceptual model.

METHODS: Data were collected from a two-phase online survey of 153 managers in China. We tested our conceptual model using path analysis and bootstrapping methods based on Mplus.

RESULTS: Results show that ambidextrous leadership is positively associated with leaders’ positive affect. Moreover, ambidextrous leadership has a positive indirect effect on leaders’ work engagement through positive affect. However, ambidextrous leadership also has devastating effects on leaders’ work engagement through ego depletion for leaders with low levels of emotional intelligence.

CONCLUSIONS: Drawing on COR theory, we demonstrate that ambidextrous leadership can act as a double-edged sword for leaders. Specifically, ambidextrous leadership may cause different behavioral responses (promoting vs. inhibiting work engagement) via two distinct pathways (positive affect vs. ego depletion). Meanwhile, the extent to which this dark side appears depends on the characteristics of the manager. By integrating both the negative and positive sides of ambidextrous leadership, we hope the present paper sparks future research on the impact of leaders on themselves.

BACKGROUND: Human Resource Management (HRM) has emerged as a crucial facet of organizational success, particularly in balancing profitability and environmental sustainability. The growing environmental concerns are reshaping HRM, giving rise to Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices. However, there is a critical need to understand the evolution and impact of GHRM.

OBJECTIVE: This literature review explores the role of GHRM in fostering sustainable practices, employee well-being, and engagement within organizations. It aims to provide the groundwork for future research.

METHODS: This study examined 204 selected journal articles from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar following PRISMA guidelines. The article underwent rigorous screening, data extraction, and analysis using NVivo 14 software.

RESULTS: The literature review explored the theoretical underpinnings of GHRM practices. Scoping review provided insights into the depth of available literature, mapping revealed research gaps and thematic clusters. However, systematic review highlights GHRM’s role in organisational sustainability and employee well-being.

CONCLUSIONS: GHRM emerges as a crucial factor in fostering environmental capabilities and steering the transition from traditional HR practices to eco-friendly approaches, paving the way for new paradigms. Moreover, practitioners must extend their considerations beyond routine organizational HR practices to enhance sustainable HR practices and employees’ well-being.

BACKGROUND: Entrepreneurial Intention is essential for discovering the underlying determinants behind one’s motivation to invent a new business.

OBJECTIVE: The study investigates the relationship between social media, entrepreneurial outcome expectation, attitude towards entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention.

METHODS: The study conducts a cross-sectional survey on 360 tertiary education students based on systematic sampling technique. The hypothesis was tested using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).

RESULTS: The findings reported that social media was significantly related to entrepreneurial intention. Similarly, attitude towards entrepreneurship was found to be a mediator between social media and entrepreneurial intention. In contrast, entrepreneurial outcome expectation was not found to mediate social media and entrepreneurial intention.

CONCLUSIONS: The study adds to the existing literature by including less studied factors i.e., social media to one step ahead understand entrepreneurial intention by clarifying mediation mechanism through entrepreneurial outcome expectation, attitude towards entrepreneurship.

BACKGROUND: Entrepreneurial Intention is essential for discovering the underlying determinants behind one’s motivation to invent a new business.

OBJECTIVE: The study investigates the relationship between social media, entrepreneurial outcome expectation, attitude towards entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention.

METHODS: The study conducts a cross-sectional survey on 360 tertiary education students based on systematic sampling technique. The hypothesis was tested using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).

RESULTS: The findings reported that social media was significantly related to entrepreneurial intention. Similarly, attitude towards entrepreneurship was found to be a mediator between social media and entrepreneurial intention. In contrast, entrepreneurial outcome expectation was not found to mediate social media and entrepreneurial intention.

CONCLUSIONS: The study adds to the existing literature by including less studied factors i.e., social media to one step ahead understand entrepreneurial intention by clarifying mediation mechanism through entrepreneurial outcome expectation, attitude towards entrepreneurship.

BACKGROUND: Numerous models of the so called ‘change curve’ exist, yet there is a paucity of scholarly inquiry regarding empirical substantiation, practical implementation, and general applicability.

OBJECTIVE: This study explores the change curve, aiming to examine whether and how the various phases of the curve manifest in a business context, thus assessing their relevance, which represents a novel approach.

METHODS: The analysis, employing a mixed-methods approach of qualitative and quantitative elements, is inductive and interpretative, focusing on exploring and understanding the complexity of the cases. Data collection of this exploratory research was conducted utilizing a multi-faceted approach that included online surveys, semi-structured interviews, on-site observations through Gemba Walks.

RESULTS: A pivotal discovery arises from the validation of the four phases of the change curve. Irrespective of disparate project contexts, individuals manifest akin responses within their respective phases of the change curve, amenable to effective facilitation through judicious interventions. These interventions, derived and systematized from empirical case studies for the first time, underscore their potential utility in guiding individuals through the change process.

CONCLUSIONS: The validation of the four phases and their pragmatic utility warrant further exploration in subsequent scholarly inquiries, aiming to ascertain their robustness across diverse organizational contexts.

BACKGROUND: Numerous models of the so called ‘change curve’ exist, yet there is a paucity of scholarly inquiry regarding empirical substantiation, practical implementation, and general applicability.

OBJECTIVE: This study explores the change curve, aiming to examine whether and how the various phases of the curve manifest in a business context, thus assessing their relevance, which represents a novel approach.

METHODS: The analysis, employing a mixed-methods approach of qualitative and quantitative elements, is inductive and interpretative, focusing on exploring and understanding the complexity of the cases. Data collection of this exploratory research was conducted utilizing a multi-faceted approach that included online surveys, semi-structured interviews, on-site observations through Gemba Walks.

RESULTS: A pivotal discovery arises from the validation of the four phases of the change curve. Irrespective of disparate project contexts, individuals manifest akin responses within their respective phases of the change curve, amenable to effective facilitation through judicious interventions. These interventions, derived and systematized from empirical case studies for the first time, underscore their potential utility in guiding individuals through the change process.

CONCLUSIONS: The validation of the four phases and their pragmatic utility warrant further exploration in subsequent scholarly inquiries, aiming to ascertain their robustness across diverse organizational contexts.

BACKGROUND: Women entrepreneurship holds a fundamental role in uplifting economies, by providing job opportunities, driving innovations, and alleviating poverty. This study focuses women entrepreneurial intentions in Balochistan Pakistan, where extreme poverty and limited women participation exist. Despite women’s informal, unregistered, and unrecognized status, they possess the potential for productivity and can play a vibrant role in economic activities.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the impact of microfinancing, risk, and opportunities on women entrepreneurial intentions in Balochistan, Pakistan. Therefore, it seeks to explore the mediating and moderating effects of opportunities and risk attitudes. The emphasis is on identifying women entrepreneurs who are risk-takers, planning to initiate businesses, and require initial funds.

METHODS: This is an exploratory and descriptive study; based on primary data collection through survey from 280 women entrepreneurs in district Quetta of Balochistan, Pakistan. Snowball sampling was employed for cross-sectional data gathering, and empirically analyzed by PLS-SEM.

RESULTS: The results exhibited positive and significant roles of microfinancing, opportunities, and risk attitudes in influencing women’s entrepreneurial intentions. The findings revealed the absence of financial assistance, which is the primary barrier for business startups and expansions.

CONCLUSIONS: Findings recommend microfinancing stimulate women entrepreneurial activities; enhance risk-taking ability to explore more business opportunities. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are advised to formulate improved strategies tailored for women’s entrepreneurial development in Balochistan, Pakistan.

BACKGROUND: Women entrepreneurship holds a fundamental role in uplifting economies, by providing job opportunities, driving innovations, and alleviating poverty. This study focuses women entrepreneurial intentions in Balochistan Pakistan, where extreme poverty and limited women participation exist. Despite women’s informal, unregistered, and unrecognized status, they possess the potential for productivity and can play a vibrant role in economic activities.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the impact of microfinancing, risk, and opportunities on women entrepreneurial intentions in Balochistan, Pakistan. Therefore, it seeks to explore the mediating and moderating effects of opportunities and risk attitudes. The emphasis is on identifying women entrepreneurs who are risk-takers, planning to initiate businesses, and require initial funds.

METHODS: This is an exploratory and descriptive study; based on primary data collection through survey from 280 women entrepreneurs in district Quetta of Balochistan, Pakistan. Snowball sampling was employed for cross-sectional data gathering, and empirically analyzed by PLS-SEM.

RESULTS: The results exhibited positive and significant roles of microfinancing, opportunities, and risk attitudes in influencing women’s entrepreneurial intentions. The findings revealed the absence of financial assistance, which is the primary barrier for business startups and expansions.

CONCLUSIONS: Findings recommend microfinancing stimulate women entrepreneurial activities; enhance risk-taking ability to explore more business opportunities. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are advised to formulate improved strategies tailored for women’s entrepreneurial development in Balochistan, Pakistan.

BACKGROUND: Human Resource Management (HRM) has emerged as a crucial facet of organizational success, particularly in balancing profitability and environmental sustainability. The growing environmental concerns are reshaping HRM, giving rise to Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices. However, there is a critical need to understand the evolution and impact of GHRM.

OBJECTIVE: This literature review explores the role of GHRM in fostering sustainable practices, employee well-being, and engagement within organizations. It aims to provide the groundwork for future research.

METHODS: This study examined 204 selected journal articles from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar following PRISMA guidelines. The article underwent rigorous screening, data extraction, and analysis using NVivo 14 software.

RESULTS: The literature review explored the theoretical underpinnings of GHRM practices. Scoping review provided insights into the depth of available literature, mapping revealed research gaps and thematic clusters. However, systematic review highlights GHRM’s role in organisational sustainability and employee well-being.

CONCLUSIONS: GHRM emerges as a crucial factor in fostering environmental capabilities and steering the transition from traditional HR practices to eco-friendly approaches, paving the way for new paradigms. Moreover, practitioners must extend their considerations beyond routine organizational HR practices to enhance sustainable HR practices and employees’ well-being.